Table 2.
Baseline and intraoperative multivariable logistic regression models for postoperative acute kidney injury in intraabdominal surgery patients.
| Baseline Model | Intraoperative Model | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | OR | 95% CI | P-Value | OR | 95% CI | P-Value | ||
| Age (years) | 0.052 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Age ≤40 | 0.94 | [0.49,1.79] | 0.95 | [0.49,1.85] | ||||
| Age >40 and ≤50 [Ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Age >50 and ≤60 | 0.95 | [0.51,1.75] | 0.95 | [0.51,1.79] | ||||
| Age >60 and ≤70 | 1.81 | * | [1.03,3.19] | 1.73 | [0.96,3.12] | |||
| Age >70 and ≤80 | 1.55 | [0.85,2.82] | 1.57 | [0.83,2.96] | ||||
| Age >80 | 1.53 | [0.75,3.11] | 1.69 | [0.79,3.61] | ||||
| Female | 0.70 | * | [0.52,0.94] | 0.02 | 0.77 | [0.57,1.04] | 0.09 | |
| Current Smoker | 1.56 | * | [1.04,2.34] | 0.03 | 1.45 | [0.96,2.21] | 0.08 | |
| Hypertension | 1.56 | * | [1.11,2.18] | 0.01 | 1.45 | * | [1.02,2.06] | 0.04 |
| Diabetes | 1.37 | [0.98,1.91] | 0.06 | 1.38 | [0.98,1.94] | 0.07 | ||
| Functionally Dependent | 2.04 | * | [1.25,3.33] | 0.004 | 2.05 | * | [1.24,3.38] | 0.005 |
| Preoperative Steroid | 1.69 | [0.99,2.91] | 0.06 | 1.94 | * | [1.12,3.37] | 0.02 | |
| Disseminated Cancer | 1.71 | [0.92,3.15] | 0.09 | 1.71 | [0.91,3.21] | 0.10 | ||
| Preoperative Transfusion | 2.90 | * | [1.03,8.18] | 0.04 | 3.31 | * | [1.12,9.84] | 0.03 |
| Hematocrit (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| HCT Missing | NE | NE | ||||||
| HCT ≤38 | 1.85 | * | [1.35,2.52] | 2.02 | * | [1.45,2.80] | ||
| HCT >38 [Ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
| eGFR <30 | 3.29 | * | [1.54,7.03] | 3.42 | * | [1.54,7.57] | ||
| eGFR ≥30 and <60 | 0.89 | [0.58,1.36] | 0.86 | [0.55,1.33] | ||||
| eGFR ≥60 and <90 | 0.69 | * | [0.49,0.97] | 0.68 | * | [0.48,0.96] | ||
| eGFR ≥90 [Ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Procedure | 0.03 | 0.054 | ||||||
| Appendectomy | 0.73 | [0.31,1.75] | 1.21 | [0.49,2.97] | ||||
| Cholecystectomy and common duct exploration | 0.74 | [0.41,1.33] | 1.12 | [0.61,2.08] | ||||
| Colorectal resection [Ref] | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| Colostomy, temporary and permanent | NE | NE | ||||||
| Excision, lysis peritoneal adhesions | 0.49 | [0.16,1.48] | 0.52 | [0.17,1.67] | ||||
| Exploratory laparotomy | 0.91 | [0.45,1.85] | 1.04 | [0.49,2.19] | ||||
| Gastrectomy, partial and total | 0.08 | * | [0.01,0.66] | 0.08 | * | [0.01,0.66] | ||
| Gastric bypass and volume reduction | 0.28 | * | [0.14,0.56] | 0.37 | * | [0.18,0.76] | ||
| Ileostomy and other enterostomy | 0.86 | [0.54,1.39] | 0.60 | [0.36,1.01] | ||||
| Local excision of large intestine lesion (not endoscopic) | NE | NE | ||||||
| Other hernia repair | 0.69 | [0.37,1.27] | 0.94 | [0.49,1.79] | ||||
| Other operating room gastrointestinal therapeutic procedures | 0.83 | [0.51,1.35] | 0.82 | [0.50,1.36] | ||||
| Other operating room lower gastrointestinal therapeutic procedures | 1.04 | [0.53,2.04] | 1.23 | [0.61,2.49] | ||||
| Procedures on spleen | 2.92 | [0.88,9.69] | 2.08 | [0.53,8.19] | ||||
| Small bowel resection | 0.86 | [0.42,1.76] | 0.85 | [0.40,1.81] | ||||
| Red Blood Cells (L) | 0.5 | |||||||
| None [Ref] | 1.00 | |||||||
| ≤1 L | 0.98 | [0.61,1.56] | ||||||
| >1 L | 1.60 | [0.73,3.50] | ||||||
| Colloid (Yes vs. No) | 1.84 | * | [1.08,3.14] | 0.03 | ||||
| Fentanyl (100 mcg) | 1.07 | [1.00,1.14] | 0.053 | |||||
| SBP Mean (10 mm Hg) | 0.87 | [0.75,1.01] | 0.07 | |||||
| DBP CV (0.05) | 1.24 | * | [1.01,1.50] | 0.04 | ||||
| Minutes with MAP >90 mm Hg (5 min) | 1.02 | * | [1.01,1.03] | 0.004 | ||||
| Phenylephrine (>400 mcg vs ≤400 mcg) | 1.41 | * | [1.01,1.96] | 0.04 | ||||
| Ephedrine (≥30 mg vs <30 mg) | 1.76 | * | [1.08,2.86] | 0.02 | ||||
| Esmolol (50 mg) | 1.39 | * | [1.00,1.94] | 0.048 | ||||
| Metoprolol (5 mg) | 1.36 | * | [1.03,1.79] | 0.03 | ||||
| Furosemide (Yes vs. No) | 2.08 | * | [1.10,3.90] | 0.02 | ||||
| AUC | 0.77 | [0.74,0.80] | 0.81 | [0.78,0.83] | ||||
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NE, non-estimable; AUC, area under the curve of the receiver operator characteristic curve.
*
P<0.05