Table 2.
Logistic regression model results: The 2016 MEPS (n=8199)
| Variables | Model I DV=Dental visits |
Model II DV=Preventive procedure |
Model III DV=Treatment procedure |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95% CI | P | AOR | 95% CI | P | AOR | 95% CI | P | ||||
| Age (vs. 18-44) | <.001 | 0.396 | 0.003 | |||||||||
| 45-64 | 0.75 | 0.66 | 0.85 | <.001 | 0.99 | 0.84 | 1.15 | 0.847 | 1.19 | 1.03 | 1.37 | 0.017 |
| 65+ | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.63 | <.001 | 1.16 | 0.90 | 1.48 | 0.248 | 1.32 | 1.11 | 1.57 | 0.002 |
| Male | 1.12 | 1.03 | 1.22 | 0.009 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.97 | 0.015 | 1.05 | 0.95 | 1.16 | 0.355 |
| Married | 1.04 | 0.92 | 1.17 | 0.500 | 1.13 | 0.96 | 1.31 | 0.136 | 0.98 | 0.87 | 1.12 | 0.801 |
| Race/ethnicity (vs. Non-Hispanic white) | 0.034 | <.001 | 0.061 | |||||||||
| Non Hispanic black | 1.20 | 1.03 | 1.39 | 0.018 | 0.61 | 0.50 | 0.75 | <.0001 | 1.10 | 0.93 | 1.29 | 0.254 |
| Hispanic | 1.23 | 1.06 | 1.42 | 0.006 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 1.24 | 0.988 | 1.22 | 1.02 | 1.46 | 0.030 |
| Other | 1.17 | 1.00 | 1.36 | 0.055 | 0.89 | 0.71 | 1.13 | 0.349 | 0.92 | 0.77 | 1.10 | 0.364 |
| Family income (vs. Low income) | 0.061 | <.001 | 0.032 | |||||||||
| Mid income | 0.95 | 0.82 | 1.11 | 0.547 | 1.65 | 1.36 | 2.01 | <.001 | 0.83 | 0.70 | 0.99 | 0.036 |
| High income | 0.84 | 0.71 | 1.00 | 0.048 | 1.92 | 1.56 | 2.36 | <.001 | 0.80 | 0.67 | 0.95 | 0.010 |
| Education(vs. <high school) | 0.008 | <.001 | 0.020 | |||||||||
| High school | 1.00 | 0.79 | 1.26 | 0.988 | 1.49 | 1.13 | 1.96 | 0.005 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 1.06 | 0.139 |
| Some college or above | 0.83 | 0.67 | 1.03 | 0.098 | 2.02 | 1.52 | 2.68 | <.001 | 0.74 | 0.59 | 0.92 | 0.008 |
| Dental insurance | 0.93 | 0.83 | 1.05 | 0.226 | 1.26 | 1.07 | 1.50 | 0.008 | 0.85 | 0.74 | 0.97 | 0.015 |
| Employed | 1.27 | 1.10 | 1.48 | 0.002 | 0.96 | 0.79 | 1.15 | 0.624 | 0.93 | 0.80 | 1.07 | 0.292 |
| Health status (vs excellent/very good) | 0.088 | <.001 | <.001 | |||||||||
| Fair/poor | 0.89 | 0.76 | 1.05 | 0.180 | 0.48 | 0.39 | 0.60 | <.001 | 1.40 | 1.19 | 1.64 | <.001 |
| Good | 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.99 | 0.034 | 0.74 | 0.64 | 0.87 | <.001 | 1.33 | 1.18 | 1.50 | <.001 |
| Region (vs. Northeast) | 0.119 | 0.082 | 0.407 | |||||||||
| Midwest | 0.91 | 0.76 | 1.09 | 0.297 | 0.90 | 0.70 | 1.15 | 0.389 | 1.14 | 0.94 | 1.39 | 0.173 |
| South | 1.11 | 0.92 | 1.33 | 0.276 | 0.76 | 0.60 | 0.97 | 0.024 | 1.01 | 0.82 | 1.23 | 0.952 |
| West | 0.91 | 0.74 | 1.12 | 0.378 | 1.02 | 0.82 | 1.25 | 0.881 | 1.03 | 0.83 | 1.27 | 0.812 |
| Rurality (vs Urban) | 0.468 | 0.032 | 0.513 | |||||||||
| Rural, adjacent | 0.88 | 0.67 | 1.16 | 0.354 | 0.91 | 0.69 | 1.19 | 0.489 | 1.12 | 0.90 | 1.41 | 0.300 |
| Rural, not adjacent | 1.18 | 0.82 | 1.69 | 0.365 | 0.55 | 0.35 | 0.87 | 0.011 | 1.21 | 0.80 | 1.82 | 0.370 |
| County level variables | ||||||||||||
| Unemployment rate | 1.00 | 0.94 | 1.06 | 0.934 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 1.04 | 0.320 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.12 | 0.178 |
| Median household income | 0.97 | 0.93 | 1.01 | 0.126 | 0.97 | 0.92 | 1.03 | 0.388 | 1.03 | 0.98 | 1.08 | 0.222 |
| Percentage without high school education | 2.33 | 0.59 | 9.16 | 0.223 | 0.16 | 0.03 | 0.91 | 0.039 | 1.38 | 0.33 | 5.77 | 0.658 |
| Black population rate | 1.15 | 0.59 | 2.21 | 0.681 | 1.40 | 0.66 | 2.96 | 0.380 | 0.72 | 0.38 | 1.38 | 0.323 |
| Presence of an FQHC | 1.03 | 0.83 | 1.29 | 0.779 | 1.02 | 0.71 | 1.46 | 0.917 | 0.94 | 0.75 | 1.18 | 0.584 |
| DHPSA (vs. Not DHPSA) | 0.036 | 0.654 | 0.210 | |||||||||
| Whole county | 1.36 | 0.89 | 2.10 | 0.158 | 1.29 | 0.75 | 2.22 | 0.356 | 0.73 | 0.42 | 1.26 | 0.258 |
| Part county | 0.86 | 0.70 | 1.04 | 0.122 | 1.03 | 0.78 | 1.36 | 0.834 | 1.11 | 0.92 | 1.34 | 0.276 |
| Residence by race/ethnicity | 0.030 | ns | ns | |||||||||
| Rural, adjacent*Black | 0.88 | 0.38 | 2.06 | 0.766 | ||||||||
| Rural, not adjacent*Black | 4.79 | 1.39 | 16.56 | 0.014 | ||||||||
| Rural, adjacent*Hispanic | 0.62 | 0.32 | 1.20 | 0.154 | ||||||||
| Rural, not adjacent*Hispanic | 0.77 | 0.30 | 1.97 | 0.580 | ||||||||
| Rural, adjacent*Other | 2.57 | 0.97 | 6.83 | 0.058 | ||||||||
| Rural, not adjacent*Other | 0.78 | 0.11 | 5.73 | 0.805 | ||||||||
Model 1 is an ordinal logistic regression. Model II and III are binary logistic regression. DV=Dependent variable. ns: Not significant. FQHC: Federally qualified health center. DHPSA: Dental health professional shortage area