Table 1.

PJI Keywords and Rules for Concept Extraction.

Confirmation keywords	Rules	Data sources
Purulent Material: purulence; purulent; purulently; purulent-appearing; Drain: abscess drained; abscessed drained; abscesses drained; drain abscesses; drained abscess; drained abscesses; draining abscesses; Fluid: fluid cloudy; turbid fluid; yellowish fluid; infected fluid collection; cloudy looking fluid; brown yellow discharge; cloudy serous fluid; serosanguineous fluid; greenish fluid; draining cloudy fluid; cloudy fluid; aspiration cloudy Negation: minor amount of; slightly; nothing	Positive purulent material:  • Mention of Purulent Material  • Mention of Drain  • Mention of Fluid AND NOT Negation (within 3-word distance)	Operative report; ID consultation notes
Acute inflammation: acute inflammation; acute inflammatory cells; acute inflammatory debris Negation: looking for	Positive acute inflammation:  • Mention of Acute Inflammation (within 8-word distance)	Pathology Report
Sinus Tract: sinu tract; sinus tract; sinus tracts; sinus track; draining sinus; fistulization tract; fistulizing tract; fistulous tract; fistulous tracts; sinus drain; sinus draining; sinus-draining; sinus drainage; draining chronic sinus; Communication: communicated; communication; communicate; tracked down; tracking all the way; pinhole leaking; coming from deep Joint and Tissue-related: calf; cavity; joint; deep; tissue; periprosthetic; fracture; hip; knee; femur; arthroplasty Fascia: fascia Size of Defect: cm; -cm; 1-cm; 2-cm Surgical Complication: rent; defect; dehiscence; exposing; large hole; not well sealed Negation: completely sealed; no further fluid; low threshold to open; well-sealed; closed	Positive sinus tract:  • Mention of Sinus Tract  • Mention of (Fluid AND Communication AND Joint and Tissue-related AND NOT Negation) within 5-word distance  • Mention of Fascia AND Size of Defect AND NOT Negation  • Mention of Surgical Complication AND Fascia AND NOT Negation	Operative report, ID consultation notes
Bacteria: streptococcus agalactiae; staphylococcus epidermidis; staphylococcus aureus; pseudomonas aeruginosa; proteus mirabilis; enterococcus sp; staphylococcus coagulase negative; actinomyces neuii; finegoldia magna; clostridium perfringens; clostridium bifermentans; klebsiella pneumoniae complex; escherichia coli; streptococcus beta hemolytic group b; small nonsporeforming gpb res coryne sp not c jeikeium; corynebacterium striatum; peptoniphilus sp; helcococcus sueciensis; bacillus; propionibacterium acnes; enterococcus faecalis; candida albicans; basidiomycete; peptostreptococcus sp; peptostreptococcus magnus; lelliottia enterobacter amnigena; lelliottia (enterobacter) amnigena Anatomic: leg; hip; joint; knee; femur; femoral; synovial; cartilage; acetabulum; trochanter; pelvis; buttock; left aspirate; right aspirate Soft Order Number: retrieve from laboratory	One positive culture:  • Bacteria AND Anatomic AND (One unique) Soft Order Number	Microbiology Report

^*All findings need to be within 180 days after the TJA surgery; Generic negation status from MedTaggerIE needs to be applied to all findings.