Table 1.
Effect of acute and delayed IN PACAP administration after reperfusion (tMCAO protocol) on gene expression measured 48 h after the occlusion.
| Events | Gene | ctrl vs sham | 10 min vs ctrl | 1 h vs ctrl | 6 h vs ctrl | 15 h vs ctrl | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SEM | stat | SEM | stat | SEM | stat | SEM | stat | SEM | stat | |||||||
| Excitotoxicity | GJD2 | ↘ 0.22 | 0.09 | *** | ↗7.88 | 0.19 | **** | ↗1.83 | 0.1 | ↗1.01 | 0.05 | ↗1.66 | 0.12 | |||
| GJB6 | ↗1.29 | 0.06 | ** | ↘0.34 | 0.07 | **** | ↘0.72 | 0.12 | *** | ↗1.45 | 0.34 | ↗1.26 | 0.14 | |||
| GAD1 | ↘0.88 | 0.19 | ↘0.378 | 0.44 | ↗2.49 | 0.21 | ** | ↗2.13 | 0.14 | * | ↗2.52 | 0.28 | ** | |||
| Stress Response | CAT | ↗1.56 | 0.38 | ↘0.80 | 0.03 | *** | ↘0.30 | 0.13 | ** | ↗1.04 | 0.14 | ↘0.40 | 0.09 | ** | ||
| GPX1 | ↗1.78 | 0.34 | * | ↘0.58 | 0.4 | ↘0.10 | 0.32 | ↗1.157 | 0.17 | ↘0.61 | 0.07 | |||||
| NOS1 | ↗2.26 | 0.18 | ** | ↘0.46 | 0.21 | ** | ↘0.50 | 0.14 | ** | ↘0.54 | 0.22 | ** | ↘0.58 | 0.19 | * | |
| HMOX1 | ↗19.55 | 1.25 | *** | ↘0.47 | 0.49 | ** | ↘0.84 | 3.57 | ↘0.87 | 1.52 | ↗1.02 | 2.97 | ||||
| JUN | ↗1.53 | 0.26 | * | ↘0.83 | 0.19 | ↘0.30 | 0.14 | ↘0.87 | 0.31 | ↘0.53 | 0.06 | ** | ||||
| HSPA1B | ↗3.20 | 0.43 | * | ↘0.40 | 0.53 | ↘0.42 | 0.1 | ↘0.92 | 0.58 | ↘0.61 | 0.38 | |||||
| HSPB1 | ↗4.42 | 0.64 | ** | ↘0.77 | 0.93 | ↗1.04 | 0.45 | ↗1.09 | 0.44 | ↘0.72 | 0.58 | |||||
| HSPD1 | ↗2.04 | 0.06 | * | ↘0.73 | 0.14 | * | ↘0.59 | 0.16 | ↘0.81 | 0.31 | ↘0.87 | 0.27 | ||||
| Apoptosis | DDIT3 | ↘0.78 | 0.23 | ↗1.05 | 0.23 | ↗1.11 | 0.16 | ↗2.18 | 0.09 | ** | ↘0.844 | 0.25 | ||||
| DUSP6 | ↘0.75 | 0.26 | ↗1.73 | 0.41 | ↗2.56 | 0.36 | * | ↗2.72 | 0.34 | * | ↗1.66 | 0.2 | ||||
| BCL10 | ↗1.90 | 0.05 | * | ↘0.65 | 0.31 | ↘0.993 | 0.12 | ↘0.17 | 0.03 | *** | ↘0.81 | 0.22 | ||||
| FAS | ↗1.31 | 0.18 | ↗2.89 | 0.21 | * | ↗3.39 | 0.65 | ** | ↗2.34 | 0.26 | ↗1.80 | 0.27 | ||||
| CASP9 | ↗2.21 | 0.08 | **** | ↘0.34 | 0.02 | **** | ↘0.50 | 0.09 | *** | ↘0.10 | 0.04 | **** | ↘0.49 | 0.2 | *** | |
| GADD45A | ↘0.63 | 0.42 | ↗2.34 | 0.19 | ** | ↗2.90 | 0.24 | *** | ↘0.90 | 0.04 | ↗1.97 | 0.15 | * | |||
| ATF3 | ↗37.34 | 2.24 | ** | ↘0.16 | 0.07 | * | ↗2.64 | 4.2 | *** | ↗1.04 | 8.65 | ↗1.16 | 2.82 | |||
| PIK3R1 | ↗1.05 | 0.11 | ↘0.78 | 0.27 | ↘0.36 | 0.07 | ** | ↗1.10 | 0.13 | ↘0.65 | 0.09 | |||||
| Inflammation | IL12A | ↗2.20 | 0.64 | ↘0.49 | 0.55 | ↘0.92 | 0.41 | ↘0.24 | 0.14 | * | ↘0.84 | 0.2 | ||||
| IL6 | ↗4.68 | 0.1 | **** | ↘0.23 | 0.05 | **** | ↘0.445 | 0.24 | **** | ↘0.16 | 0.15 | **** | ↘0.33 | 0.52 | **** | |
| IFNAR1 | ↗3.87 | 0.34 | * | ↘0.12 | 0.06 | * | ↘0.63 | 0.32 | ↘0.27 | 0.13 | * | ↘0.48 | 0.85 | |||
| IRF1 | ↗2.74 | 0.52 | ** | ↘0.49 | 0.17 | * | ↘0.47 | 0.18 | ** | ↗1.11 | 0.26 | ↘0.43 | 0.21 | ** | ||
| IRF5A | ↗3.66 | 0.94 | * | ↘0.51 | 0.07 | * | ↘0.73 | 0.98 | ↗1.48 | 0.58 | ↘0.44 | 0.27 | ||||
| CXCR4 | ↗4.47 | 0.47 | *** | ↘0.44 | 0.50 | * | ↘0.458 | 0.37 | * | ↗1.09 | 0.57 | ↘0.46 | 0.53 | * | ||
| CXCR1 | ↗1.03 | 0.08 | ↘0.95 | 0.02 | ↗1.59 | 0.24 | ↗1.99 | 0.44 | * | ↗1.47 | 0.14 | |||||
| VCAM1 | ↘0.60 | 0.57 | ↗1.71 | 0.48 | ↗1.47 | 0.2 | * | ↗1.51 | 0.08 | ↗1.96 | 0.13 | ** | ||||
| TLR4 | ↗4.06 | 0.33 | **** | ↘0.58 | 0.28 | ** | ↘0.78 | 0.03 | * | ↘0.85 | 0.39 | ↘0.52 | 0.23 | **** | ||
| Synaptic/neurogenesis/Angiogenesis/cellular protection and activity | NEUROD1 | ↘0.48 | 0.55 | ↗2.07 | 0.32 | ** | ↗1.08 | 0.1 | ↗2.28 | 0.1 | * | ↗1.32 | 0.04 | |||
| BDNF | ↘0.52 | 0.39 | ↗1.33 | 0.12 | ↗6.07 | 0.95 | ↗3.31 | 0.21 | ** | ↗1.35 | 0.18 | |||||
| SLC16A7 | ↘0.74 | 0.18 | ↘0.20 | 0.03 | ↘0.60 | 0.16 | ↘0.99 | 0.21 | ↗1.91 | 0.18 | * | |||||
| DBI | ↘0.37 | 0.06 | ** | ↗2.83 | 0.46 | * | ↘0.99 | 0.1 | ↗1.26 | 0.09 | ↗1.53 | 0.14 | ||||
| VEGFA | ↘0.47 | 0.15 | ** | ↗1.75 | 0.27 | ** | ↗1.19 | 0.1 | ↗2.32 | 0.08 | *** | ↘0.93 | 0.07 | |||
| TGFB2 | ↗1.02 | 0.15 | ↗1.55 | 0.26 | ↗1.17 | 0.08 | ↗1.27 | 0.11 | ↗1.76 | 0.33 | * | |||||
| TGFB1 | ↗6.46 | 0.66 | **** | ↘0.40 | 0.06 | **** | ↘0.49 | 0.95 | ** | ↘0.54 | 0.47 | *** | ↘0.16 | 0.32 | **** | |
| TGFBR1 | ↗1.25 | 0.17 | ↗1.73 | 0.52 | ↗1.44 | 0.08 | ↗1.30 | 0.18 | ↘0.83 | 0.24 | ||||||
| GFAP | ↗21.61 | 3.71 | *** | ↘0.42 | 1.03 | ** | ↘0.80 | 3.13 | ↘0.86 | 1.88 | ↘0.52 | 3.46 | * | |||
| HOMER1 | ↘0.27 | 0.53 | * | ↘0.17 | 0.09 | ↗1.72 | 0.12 | ↗3.59 | 0.25 | * | ↗1.62 | 0.16 | ||||
| TIMP1 | ↗46.90 | 8.63 | *** | ↘0.75 | 0.59 | ↘0.74 | 2.56 | ↘0.36 | 1.85 | ** | ↘0.456 | 4.55 | * | |||
| TPA | ↗7.95 | 0.57 | **** | ↘0.17 | 0.03 | **** | ↘0.52 | 1.32 | ** | ↘0.17 | 0.21 | *** | ↘0.334 | 1.04 | *** | |
| AQP4 | ↗2.86 | 0.22 | ** | ↘0.61 | 0.23 | * | ↘0.59 | 0.19 | ↘0.43 | 0.27 | * | ↘0.95 | 0.61 | |||
| ACVR1 | ↗2.33 | 0.22 | ** | ↘0.34 | 0.08 | ** | ↘0.36 | 0.23 | ** | ↘0.28 | 0.17 | ** | ↘0.36 | 0.33 | ||
PACAP was administered 10 min, 1 h, 6 h, or 15 h after reperfusion. Ctrl corresponds to animal subjected to tMCAO and sham corresponds to operated animals who were not subjected to tMCAO. Results are expressed in relation to the ones of sham ± SEM. (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001).
The arrow also indicate a up and down gene regulation.