Table 2.

Male baseline marijuana use frequency and spontaneous abortion among 1,535 PRESTO couples (2013-2019)

Marijuana use in the 2 months before baseline	SABs	Gestational- Weeks of observation	Median Gestational Weeks at Loss (IQR)	Crude HR (95% CI)	Adjusted HR (95% CI)a	Adjusted HR (95% CI)b
Full sample (n=1,535)
None	234	16,269	6 (5-9)	REF	REF	REF
<1 time/week	22	1,819	5 (5-7)	0.85 (0.55-1.3)	1.1 (0.64-1.7)	1.1 (0.65-1.7)
≥1 time/week	36	1,381	6 (5-9)	1.7 (1.2-2.4)	2.0 (1.2-3.1)	2.0 (1.3-3.2)
Inverse probability of male participation weighted sample (n=1,535)c
None	234	16,269	6 (5-9)	REF	REF	REF
<1 time/week	22	1,819	5 (5-7)	0.87 (0.57-1.3)	1.0 (0.63-1.6)	1.0 (0.64-1.6)
≥1 time/week	36	1,381	6 (5-9)	1.7 (1.3-2.3)	1.8 (1.2-2.8)	1.9 (1.3-2.9)
Inverse probability of male participation and pregnancy weighted sample (n=1,535)d
None	234	16,269	6 (5-9)	REF	REF	REF
<1 time/week	22	1,819	5 (5-7)	0.73 (0.47-1.1)	0.87 (0.53-1.4)	0.88 (0.53-1.5)
≥1 time/week	36	1,381	6 (5-9)	1.5 (1.1-1.9)	1.9 (1.3-2.9)	2.0 (1.4-3.1)
Restricted to couples with no female marijuana use at baseline (n=1,394)
None	228	15,824	6 (5-9)	REF	REF	REF
<1 time/week	15	1,209	5 (5-7)	0.88 (0.53-1.5)	1.1 (0.62-1.9)	1.1 (0.62-1.9)
≥1 time/week	18	792	6 (5-8)	1.5 (0.94-2.5)	2.0 (1.1-3.4)	2.0 (1.1-3.4)
Restricted to couples with no female history of spontaneous abortion (n=1,078)e
None	152	11920	6 (5-9)	REF	REF	REF
<1 time/week	13	1254	6 (5-7)	0.80 (0.46-1.4)	0.84 (0.45-1.6)	0.82 (0.44-1.6)
≥1 time/week	20	835	6 (5-9)	1.7 (1.1-2.8)	2.2 (1.2-4.0)	2.1 (1.1-3.8)

Gestational-weeks of observation is the number of weeks from detected pregnancy (i.e. entry into cohort) until SAB or censoring. SAB: spontaneous abortion; HR: Hazard Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval;

^aAdjusted for male and female: age, education, race/ethnicity, alcohol frequency, smoking status, environmental tobacco exposure, caffeine intake, sugar-sweetened beverage intake, BMI, weekly exercise, multivitamin use, hours work per week, history of STIs, depression/anxiety; male only: household income, hours of sleep per night, perceived stress scale; and female only: marijuana use frequency.

^bAdditionally adjusted for reproductive history: female parity and history of spontaneous abortion, male ever impregnated someone, and total time to pregnancy (cycles).

^cWeighted by the inverse probability of male participation.

^dWeighted by the inverse probability of male participation and pregnancy. Weights are the product of the male participation and pregnancy weights.

^eNo models adjust for history of spontaneous abortion.