Figure 5.

(A) Timeline of daily COVID-19 cytokine measurement. (B)-(C) Two-week serial monitoring of two critically ill COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure in the ICU. Both patients experienced severe cytokine storm and were under the emergency use of a selective cytophoretic device (SCD) by cytokine pre-screening (first data point). The patients demonstrated decreases in IL-6 and IL-6/IL-10 ratio and clinically improved treatment outcome over the course of therapy. (D) Statistical group analysis of patients that are dosed/undosed with Tocilizumab. Significant elevations of IL-6 levels were observed after the treatment of Tocilizumab (P<0.0001). (E)-(F) Correlation of cytokine IL-6 to Ferritin and C-Reactive Protein (CRP), standard clinical inflammatory biomarkers. Ferritin does not correlate well with IL-6 (R² = 0.066, P=0.261). CRP correlates with IL-6 (R²=0.394, P=0.0013) better, but the IL-6 levels were widely distributed for patients with high levels of CRP.