Figure 2. Summary Diagram of Bottom-Up Circuit Information Approach.

Continued studies of molecules, cells, and circuits will generate new information useful for understanding the neural basis of behavior and examining drug effects on circuits. This information will, in turn, help to explain a wide range of in vivo phenotypes gathered using traditional and newly developed neuroscientific techniques. Findings are integrated at all three levels of analysis to provide new information about how neural circuits contribute to substance-use disorders (SUDs).