Table 2.
Sample Characteristics by Alcohol Consumption Group
| Mean (SE) or N (%) | N | All | Never (n = 118) | Former (n = 342) | Light (n = 531) | Moderate (n = 130) | Heavy (n = 188) | Overall Test |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ApoE ε4+ | 1266 | 380 (30.02%) | 43 (36.75%) | 88 (27.50%) | 146 (28.29%) | 37 (28.91%) | 66 (35.68%) | χ2 (4) = 7.12, p = 0.130 |
| Age (years) | 1291 | 55.93 (0.10) | 55.92 (0.10) | 55.89 (0.10) | 55.87 (0. 10) | 55.90 (0. 10) |
F(4, 637) = 3.81,
p = 0.005 *N, F > L, M *H > M |
|
| Ethnicity (Non-Hispanic White) | 1291 | 1160 (89.85%) | 107 (90.68%) | 276 (85.19%) | 495 (93.22%) | 117 (90.00%) | 165 (87.77%) | χ2 (4) = 15.34, p = 0.004 |
| Education (years) | 1291 | 14.20 (0.19) | 13.62 (0.12) | 14.05 (0.09) | 13.83 (0.17) | 13.52 (0.15) |
F(4, 637) = 5.01,
p < 0.001 *N, L > F, H |
|
| Age 20 GCA | 1274 | 0.33 (0.06) | 0.27 (0.04) | 0.42 (0.03) | 0.37 (0.05) | 0.29 (0.05) |
F(4, 620) = 3.91,
p = 0.004 *L > F, H |
|
| Current smokers | 1289 | 306 (23.74%) | 11 (9.32%) | 73 (22.60%) | 126 (23.77%) | 29 (22.31%) | 67 (35.64%) | χ2 (4) = 28.63, p < 0.0001 |
| Objective health | 1291 | 1.02 (0.11) | 1.23 (0.07) | 1.02 (0.05) | 1.16 (0.10) | 1.06 (0.09) |
F(4, 637) = 1.91,
p = 0.11 *F > L |
|
| More than one chronic illness | 1291 | 375 (29.05%) | 33 (27.96%) | 120 (37.04%) | 139 (26.18%) | 37 (28.46%) | 46 (24.47%) | χ2 (4) = 14.16, p = 0.007 |
| Subjective health | 1283 | 2.35 (0.08) | 2.69 (0.05) | 2.44 (0.04) | 2.56 (0.08) | 2.58 (0.07) |
F(4, 629) = 5.42,
p < 0.001 *F, H > N *F > L |
|
| Report health as excellent or very good | 1283 | 624 (48.64%) | 74 (63.25%) | 133 (41.05%) | 277 (52.36%) | 59 (46.45%) | 81 (43.55%) | χ2 (4) = 22.57, p < 0.001 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1284 | 7.13 (0.77) | 10.01 (0.47) | 7.68 (0.37) | 8.88 (0.70) | 8.18 (0.61) |
F(4, 630) = 5.24,
p < 0.001 *F > N, L, H |
|
| Annual self-income | 1281 | 5.96 (0.28) | 5.26 (0.17) | 6.38 (0.13) | 6.61 (0.25) | 5.88 (0.22) |
F(4, 627) = 8.88,
p < 0.001 *N, L, M, H > F *L, M > H |
|
| Working full-time | 1279 | 994 (77.72%) | 95 (80.51%) | 224 (70.00%) | 421 (79.89%) | 102 (80.31%) | 152 (81.28%) | χ2 (4) = 14.84, p = 0.005 |
| Currently married | 1284 | 1013 (78.71%) | 99 (83.90%) | 245 (75.85%) | 430 (80.98%) | 102 (79.69%) | 137 (73.26%) | χ2 (4) = 8.49, p = 0.075 |
| Hypertension | 1291 | 512 (39.66%) | 48 (40.68%) | 127 (39.20%) | 195 (36.72%) | 58 (44.62%) | 84 (44.68%) | χ2 (4) = 5.31, p = 0.257 |
| Diabetes | 1290 | 149 (11.56%) | 13 (11.02%) | 56 (17.34%) | 58 (10.94%) | 11 (8.46%) | 11 (5.85%) | χ2 (4) = 17.99, p = 0.001 |
Note: F-tests also include significant t-test comparisons. Significant p values are highlighted in bold (p < .05). SE = Standard Error; Age 20 general cognitive ability (GCA) was based on the Armed Forces Qualifications Test and standardized to military norms; Ethnicity = % of White/ Non-Hispanic; Objective health = Number of chronic health conditions (diabetes, emphysema, asthma, cancer, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke, heart attack, heart failure, heart surgery, angina, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, cirrhosis, AIDS); Subjective health = self-reported health on a scale from 1 (excellent) to 5 (poor). Depressive symptoms are based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD); Annual self-income = 1 (< $10,000/year) to 13 (>=$120,000/year) in increments of $10,000.
= Significant specific t-test comparisons: i.e., L > F means that the light drinking group (L) had significantly higher scores than the former drinking group (F) (p < 0.05); N = never drinking group, M = moderate drinking group, and H = heavy drinking group.