Table 1.
Univariate Analysis of Clinical Features of Patients Infected with E. anophelis Isolates
| Variables | E. anophelis | Controls | Univariable | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n=39 (%) | n=117 (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Gender (male) | 21 (53.8) | 73 (62.4) | 0.70 (0.34–1.46) | 0.352 |
| Age, median, y (IQR) | 66 (52–76) | 54 (41–67) | – | 0.003 |
| Elderly (≥60 y) | 26 (66.7) | 58 (49.6) | 2.03 (0.95–4.34) | 0.067 |
| ICU admission | 18 (46.2) | 47 (40.2) | 1.28 (0.62–2.65) | 0.575 |
| Underlying diseases and conditions | ||||
| Diabetes | 9 (23.1) | 20 (17.1) | 1.46 (0.60–3.53) | 0.476 |
| Hypertension | 18 (46.2) | 31 (26.5) | 2.38 (1.12–5.04) | 0.029 |
| Shock | 8 (20.5) | 17 (14.5) | 1.52 (0.60–3.86) | 0.450 |
| Solid malignancy | 9 (23.7) | 32 (27.4) | 0.82 (0.35–1.93) | 0.833 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 6 (15.4) | 12 (10.3) | 1.59 (0.55–4.57) | 0.393 |
| Peripheral vascular diseases | 1 (2.6) | 16 (13.7) | 0.17 (0.02–1.30) | 0.073 |
| Coronary artery diseases | 13 (33.3) | 22 (18.8) | 2.16 (0.96–4.86) | 0.076 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 15 (38.5) | 20 (17.1) | 3.03 (1.36–6.78) | 0.008 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases | 30 (76.9) | 28 (23.9) | 10.60 (4.50–24.98) | 0.000 |
| Gastrointestinal diseases | 14 (35.9) | 26 (22.2) | 1.96 (0.89–4.30) | 0.096 |
| Hepatobiliary diseases | 13 (33.3) | 21 (17.9) | 2.29 (1.01–5.17) | 0.071 |
| Renal diseases | 16 (41.0) | 26 (22.2) | 2.44 (1.12–5.27) | 0.036 |
| Immune system diseases | 0 (0.0) | 14 (12.0) | 0.73 (0.66–0.80) | 0.022 |
| Invasive procedures | ||||
| Mechanical ventilation | 9 (23.1) | 35 (29.9) | 0.70 (0.30–1.63) | 0.538 |
| Central venous catheterization | 14 (35.9) | 27 (23.1) | 1.87 (0.85–4.08) | 0.142 |
| Drainage tube | 11 (28.2) | 35 (29.9) | 0.92 (0.41–2.05) | 1.000 |
| Nasogastric tube insertion | 17 (43.6) | 48 (41.0) | 1.11 (0.53–2.31) | 0.852 |
| Urinary catheter | 16 (41.0) | 59 (50.4) | 0.68 (0.33–1.42) | 0.357 |
| Surgery in the past 6 months | 27 (69.2) | 31 (26.5) | 6.24 (2.82–13.81) | 0.000 |
| Immunosuppressive state | ||||
| Anemia | 26 (66.7) | 14 (12.0) | 14.71 (6.17–35.08) | 0.000 |
| Hypoproteinemia | 36 (92.3) | 60 (51.3) | 11.40 (3.32–39.09) | 0.000 |
| Hypokalemia | 14 (35.9) | 14 (12.0) | 4.12 (1.74–9.74) | 0.002 |
| Chemoradiotherapy | 8 (20.5) | 10 (8.5) | 2.76 (1.00–7.60) | 0.078 |
| Systemic steroid use | 7 (17.9) | 34 (29.1) | 0.53 (0.22–1.33) | 0.210 |
Note: Bold face indicate values that are significant (P < 0.05).
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; ICU, intensive care unit; E. anophelis, Elizabethkingia anophelis.