Table E.2.
Chemical name [FL‐no] | Test system | Test object | Route | Dose (mg/kg bw per day) | Result | Reference | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2‐Acetylfuran [13.054] | Micronucleus assay (peripheral blood) | Muta® Mice, M | Gavage | 0, 15, 30 and 60 | Negative | Covance (2016) | Reliable with restrictions (no clear evidence of bone marrow exposure). Study performed in compliance with GLP and according to OECD TG 474, but positive control was not included |
Gene mutation assay in liver and duodenum | Negative | Reliable without restrictions. Study performed in compliance with GLP and according to OECD TG 488 | |||||
2‐Pentylfuran [13.059] |
Comet assay (liver) | B6C3F1 mice, M | Gavage | 508 |
Positive Negative in the presence of proteinase K |
New York Medical College, 2012 |
Insufficient reliability The study aimed at comparing furan and 2‐pentylfuran. Liver was sampled 3h after treatment |
762 | Negative both with and without proteinase K | ||||||
508, 762 |
Negative both with and without proteinase K Re‐estimate: reduction of tail length at the highest dose, both with and without proteinase K |
||||||
2‐Pentylfuran [13.059] |
Micronucleus assay (bone marrow) | Han Wistar rats, M | Gavage | 42.5, 85, 170a | Negative | Covance (2014) | Reliable with restrictions (no clear evidence of bone marrow exposure). Study performed in compliance with GLP and according to OECD TG 474 |
Comet assay (liver) | Negative | Reliable without restrictions. The study was performed in compliance with recommendations of the Comet and IWGT workshop, Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods (JaCVAM) and current literature |
FL‐No: FLAVIS number; FGE: Flavouring Group Evaluation; OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; TG: test guideline; GLP: Good Laboratory Practice; M: male.
Administered via gavage in 3 doses at times 0, 24 and 45 h with sacrifice and harvest at 48 h.