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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Jan 30;41(3):172–182. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.12.008

Fig. 1. GPCR Signaling Promotes profibrotic and antifibrotic signaling.

Fig. 1.

In IPF there is increased abundance of profibrotic ligands, notably: LPA, endothelin, and serotonin that activate receptors coupled to Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13 promoting multiple pathways including Rho and ROCK which regulates the actin cytoskeleton. MRTF-A/B and YAP/TAZ are cytoskeletal sensitive profibrotic transcription co-factors essential to fibroblast activation. Known transcript targets for MRTF and YAP/TAZ are profibrotic genes: COL1A1, COL1A2, CTGF,and ACTA2. GPCRs which couple to Gαs are antifibrotic and negatively regulate MRTF-A/B and YAP/TAZ, but are often repressed in IPF patient fibroblasts. Profibrotic signaling is shown in orange and antifibrotic signaling is show in blue.