TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics
| Mean ± SD [min max] | p‐value (T or χ 2 statistic) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC (n = 62) | All FEP (n = 87) | S‐FEP (n = 61) | M‐FEP (n = 26) | HC vs. FEP | HC vs. S‐FEP | HC vs. M‐FEP | S‐FEP vs. M‐FEP | |
| Age (years) | 23.4 ± 3.6 [16 33] | 22.5 ± 4.3 [15 35] | 22.3 ± 4.2 [15 34] | 23 ± 4.8 [17 35] | 0.16 (−1.4) | 0.16 (−1.5) | 0.64 (−0.46) | 0.57 (−0.57) |
| Sex (M:F) | 43:19 | 53:14 | 49:12 | 14:12 | 0.82 (0.04) | 0.82 (1.4) | 0.25 (1.3) | 0.02 (5.1) |
| Race (aa:c:as:h:o) | 33:23:2:2:2 | 43:34:4:3:3 | 33:23:2:1:2 | 10:11:2:2:1 | 0.85 (0.03) | 0.85 (1) | 0.52 (0.39) | 0.52 (0.4) |
| Parental education (years) | 15.18 (2.62) | 15.1 ± 3.2 | 14.96 (3.06) | 15.42 (2.63) | 0.84 (0.03) | 0.51 (0.4) | 0.73 (0.25) | 0.65 (0.36) |
| Age at onset (years) | 21.3 ± 4.1 [14 32] | 22.3 ± 4.7 [15 34] | 0.35 (−0.92) | |||||
| Illness duration (months) | 13.2 (8.9) | 10.8 (9.5) | 0.3 (1) | |||||
| Antipsychotic dose a | 381.9 ± 302.9 | 267.3 ± 221.5 | 0.07 (1.8) | |||||
| SAPS | 3.9 ± 3.7 [0 15] | 2.2 ± 3.7 [0 12] | 0.06 (1.9) | |||||
| SANS | 8.5 ± 5.0 [0 20] | 4.4 ± 4.4 [0 16] | 0.0004 (3.7) | |||||
Note: Race codes: aa, African American; as, Asian; c, Caucasian; h, Hispanic; o: others.
Abbreviations: HC, healthy controls; M‐FEP, major depression and bipolar disorder with psychiatric features; SANS, Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms; SAPS, scale for the assessment of positive symptoms; S‐FEP, schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders.
a
Antipsychotic medication dosages were converted to chlorpromazine equivalents using published reference tables (Woods SW. Calculation of CPZ Equivalents. In: Equivalent C, ed; 2005). Medication dosage information was unavailable for six patients.