Table 3.

Factors associated with suicide in people with severe mental disorders, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Characteristics	Misdiagnosis		Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
	Yes	No
Gender
Male	83	119	1.27 (0.80–2.06)	1.52 (0.85–2.71)
Female	38	69	1	1
Age
18–30	46	64	1.09 (0.62–1.91)	1.17 (0.58–2.36)
31–40	38	68	0.86 (0.48–1.50)	1.01 (0.52–1.96)
≥ 40	37	56	1	1
Educational status
No formal education	15	15	1.63 (0.67–3.99)	1.46 (0.49–4.34)
Primary	38	65	0.96 (0.49–186)	0.83 (0.38–1.78)
Secondary	46	72	1.05 (0.55–1.96)	1.13 (0.54–2.34)
Higher	22	36	1	1
Residence
Rural	34	40	1	1
Urban	87	148	1.45 (0.85–2.45)	1.49 (0.78–2.82)
Marital status
Single	79	123	1	1
Married	30	44	1.07 (0.62–1.83)	0.87 (0.45–1.66)
Divorce/widowed	12	21	0.89 (0.41–1.96)	1.15 (0.48–2.82)
Type of SPD
MDD	53	39	4.37 (2.47–7.76)	4.22 (1.69–10.56)*
BPD	15	39	1.24 (0.61–2.53)	1.24 (0.57–2.68)
SCZAF	21	7	9.66 (3.76–24.79)	12.39 (4.50–34.16)**
SCZ	32	103	1	1
MDD psychosis
Yes	38	26	2.85 (1.62–5.02)	1.14 (0.44–2.95)
No	83	162	1	1
Suicidal ideation
Suicide	87	104	2.07 (1.27–3.37)	2.19 (1.24–3.87)*
No suicide	34	84	1	1
Relapse
Relapsed	90	169	1.11 (0.66–1.86)	1.41 (0.75–2.62)
No relapse	31	52	1
Admission
Admission	78	118	1.07 (0.69–1.73)	1.23 (0.70–2.16)
No admission	43	70	1	1

SCZ schizophrenia, MDD major depressive disorder, BD bipolar disorder, SCZAF schizoaffective disorder

^*Significant association (p-value < 0.05); **significant association (p-value < 0.001)