Table 1.
Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics between 30-d survivors and non-survivors.
| Variables | Total (%) | Survivors (n = 2567) | Non-survivors (n = 952) | χ2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, n (%) | 79.81* | |||
| <65 years | 1398 (39.7) | 1135 (44.2) | 263 (27.6) | |
| ≥65 years | 2121 (60.3) | 1432 (55.8) | 689 (72.4) | |
| Gender, n (%) | 0.336 | |||
| Male | 1931 (54.9) | 1401 (54.6) | 530 (55.7) | |
| Female | 1588 (45.1) | 1166 (45.4) | 422 (44.3) | |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation use, n (%) | 16.16* | |||
| No | 954 (27.1) | 743 (28.9) | 211 (22.2) | |
| Yes | 2565 (72.9) | 1824 (71.1) | 741 (77.8) | |
| Septic shock with the need for vasopressors, n (%) | 66.86* | |||
| No | 1934 (55.0) | 1518 (59.1) | 416 (43.7) | |
| Yes | 1585 (45.0) | 1049 (40.9) | 536 (56.3) | |
| Respiratory rate, n (%) | 4.31* | |||
| <30 breaths/min, | 3034 (87.6) | 2226 (88.3) | 808 (85.7) | |
| ≥30 breaths/min, | 430 (12.4) | 295 (11.7) | 135 (14.3) | |
| Confusion, n (%) | 1.96 | |||
| No | 908 (46.0) | 681 (47.0) | 227 (43.4) | |
| Yes | 1065 (54.0) | 769 (53.0) | 296 (56.6) | |
| BUN level, n (%) | 61.94* | |||
| <20 mg/d | 1246 (35.6) | 1007 (39.4) | 239 (25.1) | |
| ≥20 mg/d | 2258 (64.4) | 1546 (60.6) | 712 (74.9) | |
| Leukopenia, n (%) | 2.64 | |||
| No | 3500 (99.5) | 2550 (99.3) | 950 (99.8) | |
| Yes | 19 (0.5) | 17 (0.7) | 2 (0.2) | |
| Thrombocytopenia, n (%) | 41.44* | |||
| No | 3253 (92.6) | 2418 (94.3) | 835 (87.9) | |
| Yes | 261 (7.4) | 146 (5.7) | 115 (12.1) | |
| Hypothermia, n (%), | 19.24* | |||
| No | 2751 (80.0) | 2046 (81.9) | 705 (75.2) | |
| Yes | 686 (20.0) | 453 (18.1) | 233 (24.8) | |
| Hyperthermia, n (%) | 0.269 | |||
| No | 3427 (99.7) | 2491 (99.7) | 936 (99.8) | |
| Yes | 10 (0.3) | 8 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | |
| Hypotension, n (%) | 11.75* | |||
| No | 3180 (91.5) | 2340 (92.5) | 840 (88.9) | |
| Yes | 294 (8.5%) | 189 (7.5) | 105 (11.1) | |
| Coexisting illnesses | 80.79* | |||
| No | 728 (20.7) | 627 (24.4) | 101 (10.6) | |
| Yes | 2791 (79.3) | 1940 (75.6) | 851 (89.4) | |
| Pulse rate, n (%) | 0.207 | |||
| <125 beats/min | 1335 (90.7) | 960 (90.9) | 375 (90.1) | |
| ≥125 beats/min | 137 (9.3) | 96 (9.1) | 41 (9.9) | |
| Arterial pH for arterial blood gas test, n (%) | 10.23* | |||
| ≥7.35 | 1003 (58.2) | 758 (60.5) | 245 (52.0) | |
| <7.35 | 720 (41.8) | 494 (39.5) | 226 (48.0) | |
| Sodium, n (%) | 2.91 | |||
| ≥130 mmol/l | 3277 (93.5) | 2398 (93.9) | 879 (92.3) | |
| <130 mmol/l | 228 (6.5) | 155 (6.1) | 73 (7.7) | |
| Glucose, n (%) | 0.04 | |||
| <250 mg/dl | 3181 (90.8) | 2319 (90.9) | 862 (90.6) | |
| ≥250 mg/dl | 322 (9.2) | 233 (9.1) | 89 (9.4) | |
| Haematocrit, n (%) | 17.70* | |||
| ≥30% | 2658 (75.9) | 1984 (77.7) | 674 (70.9) | |
| <30% | 846 (24.1) | 569 (22.3) | 277 (29.1) | |
| PaO2 <60 mmHg or oxygen saturation <90% or PaO2/FiO2 ratio <250 | 0.02 | |||
| No | 1559 (90.4) | 1133 (90.5) | 426 (90.3) | |
| Yes | 165 (9.6) | 119 (9.5) | 46 (9.7) | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae, n (%) | 9.62* | |||
| No | 3402 (96.7) | 2467 (96.1) | 935 (98.2) | |
| Yes | 117 (3.3) | 100 (3.9) | 17 (1.8) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae, n (%) | 0.01 | |||
| No | 3311 (94.1) | 2416 (94.1) | 895 (94.0) | |
| Yes | 208 (5.9) | 151 (5.9) | 57 (6.0) | |
| Legionella pneumophila, n (%) | 0.33 | |||
| No | 3513 (99.8) | 2562 (99.8) | 951 (99.9) | |
| Yes | 6 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | |
*Significant difference between survivors and non-survivors, p < .05.