Table 4.
Associations of Marine ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake With Uterine Leiomyomata Risk Among Women Not Using Injectable Progestin-Only Contraceptives at Baseline (n = 1,095), Study of Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids, Michigan, 2010–2018
| Energy-Adjusted Quartiles of Fat Intake a | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||||||
| ω -3 Fatty Acids | No. of Cases | HR b | CI | No. of Cases | HR b | CI | No. of Cases | HR b | CI | No. of Cases | HR b | CI | P for Trend |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid | 57 | 1.00 | Referent | 55 | 0.85 | 0.56, 1.28 | 77 | 1.18 | 0.80, 1.74 | 78 | 1.27 | 0.88, 1.85 | 0.06 |
| Docosapentaenoic acid | 57 | 1.00 | Referent | 65 | 1.11 | 0.74, 1.64 | 68 | 1.10 | 0.74, 1.64 | 77 | 1.28 | 0.89, 1.85 | 0.18 |
| Docosahexaenoic acid | 51 | 1.00 | Referent | 64 | 1.12 | 0.75, 1.66 | 67 | 1.26 | 0.85, 1.87 | 85 | 1.59 | 1.10, 2.30 | <0.01 |
| Total marine ω-3 | 55 | 1.00 | Referent | 57 | 0.92 | 0.62, 1.38 | 75 | 1.25 | 0.86, 1.84 | 80 | 1.41 | 0.97, 2.03 | 0.02 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.
a Category cutpoints are given in Web Table 2.
b Adjusted for age, education, income, body mass index, age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, years since last birth, oral contraceptive use, progestin-only injectable contraceptive use, alcohol intake, smoking, history of hypertension, and total energy intake.