Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of the study population, overall and according to presence of mental stress-induced ischemia.
| All Patients (N=486) | Without Mental Stress-Induced Ischemia (N=409) | With Mental Stress-Induced Ischemia (N=77) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Mean age, years (SD) | 62 (9) | 62.6 (9.1) | 62.3 (9.3) | 0.79 |
| Male, N (%) | 350 (72.0) | 290 (70.9) | 60 (77.9) | 0.20 |
| African-American, N (%) | 156 (32.1) | 129 (31.5) | 27 (35.1) | 0.54 |
| Education, years (SD) | 15.1 (3) | 15.0 (3.2) | 15.1 (3.5) | 0.80 |
| Medical History, N (%) | ||||
| Dyslipidemia | 410 (84.4) | 344 (84.1) | 66 (85.7) | 0.72 |
| Current smoking | 72 (14.9) | 61 (15.0) | 11 (14.3) | 0.63 |
| Obesity | 394 (81.6) | 333 (82.0) | 61 (79.2) | 0.56 |
| Hypertension | 387 (79.6) | 325 (79.5) | 62 (80.5) | 0.83 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 156 (32.1) | 138 (33.7) | 18 (23.4) | 0.09 |
| History of heart failure | 66 (13.6) | 60 (14.7) | 6 (7.8) | 0.10 |
| History of myocardial infarction | 176 (36.2) | 143 (35.0) | 33 (42.9) | 0.18 |
| Physical stress-induced ischemia | 158 (32.8) | 103 (25.4) | 55 (72.4) | <0.001 |
| Mental stress related variables | ||||
| sPAT ratio, Mean (SD) | 0.73 (0.34) | 0.75 (0.35) | 0.65 (0.31) | 0.02 |
| Medications, N (%) | ||||
| Aspirin | 411 (84.7) | 342 (83.8) | 69 (89.6) | 0.19 |
| Beta-Blocker | 364 (75.1) | 302 (74.0) | 62 (80.5) | 0.22 |
| Statins | 418 (86.2) | 352 (86.3) | 66 (85.7) | 0.89 |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 239 (49.3) | 194 (47.5) | 45 (58.4) | 0.10 |
| Memory Function, mean (SD) | ||||
| Trail-A (seconds) | 43 (19) | 41 (17) | 46 (24) | 0.007 |
| Trail-B (seconds) | 101 (49) | 99 (46) | 111 (59) | 0.002 |
| Immediate Verbal Memory (score points) | 10.4 (3.3) | 10.5 (3.3) | 9.9 (3.1) | 0.55 |
| Delayed Verbal Memory (score points) | 7.4 (3.7) | 7.6 (3.8) | 6.9 (3.3) | 0.29 |
| Immediate Visual Reproduction (score points) | 8.8 (4.7) | 8.8 (4.7) | 8.1 (4.3) | 0.24 |
| Delayed Visual Reproduction (score points) | 8.3 (4.7) | 8.5 (4.8) | 7.7 (4.5) | 0.55 |
sPAT: peripheral arterial tonometry as stress/rest ratio with higher sPAT indicating greater vasoconstriction