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. 2021 Feb 3;7(6):eabd9941. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd9941

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Copyright © 2021 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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Fig. 1 — (A) Natural variation in the plasticity of matricidal hatching across genetically divergent C. elegans wild isolates (n = 28) quantified in food (solid) and starvation (liquid) culture. Values of matricidal hatching reflect the percentage of mothers containing one or more internally hatched larvae (n = 30 individuals per strain per environment; except for JU751: n = 3 × 30 individuals). (B) Temporal progression of matricidal hatching of JU751 hermaphrodites in ad libitum food conditions (Nomarski micrographs). (C) Temporal dynamics of matricidal hatching in JU751 versus JU1200: Cumulative percentage of individuals containing one or more internally hatched larvae (n = 5 replicates per strain, n = 29 to 32 individuals per replicate). For further details, see fig. S1 (G to I). (D to F) Egg retention and internal hatching in JU751 and JU1200 in ad libitum food conditions at 20°C (n = 14 to 47 individuals per strain per time point) (see also fig. S1F). (D) Number of total offspring retained in utero (eggs and larvae) during the reproductive span [analysis of variance (ANOVA) performed separately for each time point: ****P < 0.0001]. (E) Percentage of larvae/total offspring retained in utero. (F) Number of internally developing larvae. (G) Survival curves of JU751 and JU1200 hermaphrodites in ad libitum food conditions at 20°C (n = 9 to 15 replicates, n = 9 to 44 individuals per replicate). Matricidal hatching before day 5 of adulthood accounts for >60% of mortality in JU751. For further details, see fig. S2 (A and B). (H) Exogenous application of serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] triggered egg-laying in JU1200 and the reference strain N2 but not in JU751 (liquid starvation culture, n = 24 individuals per strain per treatment) (ANOVA performed separately for each strain: ns, not significant; P > 0.05; ****P < 0.0001).