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. 2021 Feb 3;11:2899. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82568-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Representative examples of histologic parameters of hot spots of a culprit, the asymptomatic and a non-culprit plaque. The stainings were performed on subsequent slides, depicting a ROI in the specimens. (A–C) H&E stain, demonstrating extensive intraplaque hemorrhage in the culprit plaque (the yellow asterisks indicate areas with red blood cells, orange spots); (D–F) VEGF-A stain, revealing elevated VEGF-A expression quantified by the H-score in both the culprit and asymptomatic plaque as opposed to the non-culprit plaque; (G–I) CD34 stain indicating the association between VEGF-A and microvessel density; (J–L) CD68 stain, demonstrating an influx of macrophages around the micro vessels in the culprit and asymptomatic plaque; (M–O) Von Kossa stain, revealing no differences between the culprit, asymptomatic and non-culprit plaques; (P–R) SMA stain, showing elevated SMA expression in the non-culprit plaque.