Table 5.
The size of the head, hypothyroidism, epilepsy, type of spasticity.
| (A) The size of the head—dysmorphology classification (HC) and hypothyroidism | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional diagnosis hypothyroidism | The size of the head—dysmorphology classification (HC) by z-score HC (p = 0.024; Cp = 0.150) | ||||||
| Normal | Microcephaly | Macrocephaly | Total | ||||
| N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | |
| Present | 9 (64%) | − 2.0 | 5 (36%) | 2.7 | 0 | − 0.8 | 14 |
| Absent | 264 (84.5%) | 2.0 | 36 (11.5%) | − 2.7 | 13 (4%) | 0.8 | 313 |
| Total | 273 (83.5%) | 41 (12.5%) | 13 (4%) | 327 | |||
| (B) The size of the head—traditional classification (HC) and hypothyroidism | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional diagnosis hypothyroidism | The size of the head—traditional classification (HC) by z-score HC (p < 0.001; Cp = 0.213) | ||||||
| Normal | Microcephaly | Macrocephaly | Total | ||||
| N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | |
| Present | 5 (36%) | − 2.7 | 9 (64%) | 3.9 | 0 | − 1.2 | 14 |
| Absent | 219 (70%) | 2.7 | 63 (20%) | − 3.9 | 31 (10%) | 1.2 | 313 |
| Total | 224 (68.5%) | 72 (22%) | 31 (9.5%) | 327 | |||
| (C) Relationship between epilepsy and type of spasticity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional diagnosis epilepsy | Type of spasticity (p < 0.001; Cp = 0.257) | Total | |||||
| Tetraplegia | Diplegia | Hemiplegia | |||||
| N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | ASR | N (%) | |
| Present | 33 (52%) | 3.6 | 14 (22%) | − 3.5 | 16 (26%) | 0.0 | 63 |
| Absent | 43 (27%) | − 3.6 | 76 (47%) | 3.5 | 41 (26%) | 0.0 | 160 |
| Total | 76 (34%) | 90 (40%) | 57 (26%) | 223 | |||
| (D) Relationship between type of spasticity and z-score HC | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal regression | Quantitative dependent variable z-score HC | ||||||
| Qualitative dependent variable type of spasticity | |||||||
| Tetraplegia (34%) | < 0.001 | p | |||||
|
0.782 0.677–0.904 |
OR | ||||||
| Other: diplegia, hemiplegia (66%) | Reference group | ||||||
| (E) Relationship between hypothyroidism and z-score HC | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal regression | Quantitative dependent variable z-score HC | ||||||
| Qualitative dependent variable additional diagnosis | |||||||
| Presence of hypothyroidism (4.5%) | < 0.001 | p | |||||
|
0.599 0.457–0.785 |
OR | ||||||
| Lack of hypothyroidism (95.7%) | Reference group | ||||||
| (F) Relationship between epilepsy and z-score HC | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominal regression | Quantitative dependent variable z-score HC | ||||||
| Qualitative dependent variable additional diagnosis | |||||||
| Presence of epilepsy (26%) | < 0.001 | p | |||||
|
0.804 0.711–0.909 |
OR | ||||||
| Lack of epilepsy (74%) | Reference group | ||||||
N numbers of patients; % percent; p probability value calculated by chi-square test of independence; Cp Pearson’s Contingency Coefficient C, Cp ≥ 0, values distant from 0 reflect some relationship; values approaching 1 correspond to a perfect association; ASR Adjusted standardized residuals, values > 1.96 reflect a greater number, and those below < − 1.96 correspond to a smaller number than a random distribution; OR odds ratio (95% confidence interval).