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. 2021 Jan;9(1):78. doi: 10.21037/atm-20-2862

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2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.

Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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Duplex ultrasonography showed the location of the membrane occlusion of the SCV. (A) Duplex ultrasonography demonstrated a fornix-shaped membrane (white arrow) located at the proximal end of the right SCV. The blood flow was slow distal to the membrane. (B) Color Doppler ultrasound showed the blood flow being forced out from the small orifice (white arrow) of the membrane. (C) The maximal velocity of blood flow at the orifice was up to 281 cm/s. (D) Sketch of the SVC, fornix-shaped membrane and orifice.