Table 1:
Clinical and biochemical variables on restricted versus liberal sodium diet (Mean ± SD).
| Liberal Sodium Diet | Restricted Sodium Diet | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N= 630 (unless otherwise indicated) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 ± 4.4 | 27.0 ± 4.4 | <0.0001 |
| 24h urinary sodium (mmol/day) | 243.9 ± 68.1 | 13.9 ± 9.8 | <0.0001 |
| Serum sodium (mmol/L) | 140.9 ± 5.4 | 139.7 ± 7.6 | 0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135 ± 23 | 123 ± 19 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80 ± 14 | 74 ± 12 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.07 ± 0.85 | 5.28 ± 0.99 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μIU/L) | 10.4 ± 8.4 | 11.8 ± 8.3 | <0.0001 |
| Total serum cortisol (nmol/L) | 303.0 ± 118.6 | 326.4 ± 162.8 | 0.0003 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L)* | 74.2 ± 15.2 | 83.3 ± 27.4 | <0.0001 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73m2)* | 91.6 ± 19.6 | 81.5 ± 18.0 | <0.0001 |
| 24h urinary free cortisol (nmol/day) | 178.0 ± 89.7 | 121.3 ± 65.6 | <0.0001 |
| Urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio (nmol/μmol) | 0.014 ± 0.01 | 0.010 ± 0.01 | <0.0001 |
| 24h urinary creatinine excretion (μmol/day) | 12769 ± 3885 | 13046 ± 3914 | <0.01 |
| 24h urine volume (ml) | 2323 ± 1028 | 2178 ± 934 | 0.0001 |
| Supine Plasma renin activity (μg/L/h) | 0.47 ± 0.71 | 2.51 ± 2.39 | <0.0001 |
| Supine Serum aldosterone (pmol/L) | 130.6 ± 92.3 | 476.4 ± 305.7 | <0.0001 |
*
paired values on both diets available in 236 participants