Table 2.
Mood Status Before and After the Intervention
| Placebo (N = 26) | a p-value | Probiotics (N = 27) | a p-value | b p for Δ(Week 4– Week 0) | b p for Δ(Week 1 2–Week 0) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Week 0 | Week 4 | Week 12 | Week 0 | Week 4 | Week 12 | |||||
| QoL | 22.88 (7.26) | 21.38 (5.45) | 21.58 (6.68) | .07 | 20.74 (5.85) | 20.33 (6.77) | 20.89 (6.93) | .38 | .12 | .18 |
| Stress | 31.12 (12.24) | 31.73 (13.17) | 32.50 (11.46) | .37 | 31.74 (11.77) | 29.33 (8.61) | 28.89 (7.77) | .10 | .10 | .04 |
| Depression | 6.31 (5.87) | 6.23 (6.16) | 6.15 (5.72) | .74 | 7.59 (4.61) | 6.96 (5.36) | 6.41 (5.35) | .12 | .27 | .39 |
| Positive affect | 28.46 (7.89) | 26.08 (7.20)* | 25.58 (6.25)* | .09 | 28.59 (6.69) | 27.52 (6.35) | 28.41 (8.28) | .86 | .59 | .12 |
| Negative affect | 16.62 (6.54) | 15.54 (5.41) | 15.54 (5.27) | .39 | 14.78 (4.73) | 14.67 (4.54) | 14.04 (4.75) | .66 | .88 | .69 |
Note: Data are presented as mean (SD). QoL = Quality of life.
a p-value from Friedman test; bp-value from the Mann–Whitney U test for between-group analysis for the comparison of delta; **p < .005, *p < .05 based on a post hoc analysis of Friedman test; †p < .05 based on the Mann–Whitney U test for between-group analysis at each time point.