Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| Age at intake (years) | ||
| Average (+S.E.M.) | 35.4 (±0.43) | |
| Range | 18-63 | |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 416 | 88.9 |
| Female | 52 | 11.1 |
| Race | ||
| Caucasian/White | 354 | 75.6 |
| African-American/Black | 71 | 15.2 |
| Other | 15 | 3.2 |
| Unknown | 28 | 6.0 |
| Insurance coverage (n=411) | ||
| Medicaid | 381 | 92.7 |
| Medicare | 8 | 1.9 |
| Private | 9 | 2.2 |
| No insurance | 13 | 3.2 |
| Opioid use history (n=447) | ||
| Heroin/fentanyl only | 100 | 22.4 |
| Prescription opioids only | 27 | 6.0 |
| Heroin and prescribed opioids | 320 | 71.6 |
| IV drug use (n=454) | ||
| History of IVDU | 343 | 75.6 |
| No history of IVDU | 111 | 24.4 |
| Legal mandate (n=377) | ||
| Not court ordered | 283 | 75.1 |
| Court ordered | 94 | 24.9 |
| Level of care (n=450) | ||
| Intensive Outpatient | 410 | 91.1 |
| Outpatient | 40 | 8.9 |
| History of prior MAT treatment (n=441) | ||
| Prior Rx | 335 | 76.0 |
| No prior Rx | 106 | 24.0 |
| Time in care prior to initial psychiatrist evaluation (n=453) | ||
| <1 week | 147 | 32.5 |
| 1-4 weeks | 232 | 51.2 |
| >4 weeks | 74 | 16.3 |
| Self-reported opioid abstinence at initial evaluation (n=420) | ||
| Abstinent | 383 | 91.2 |
| Not Abstinent | 37 | 8.8 |
| Initial urine toxicology screen* | ||
| Opioid positive | 84 | 18.9 |
| Opioid negative | 361 | 81.1 |
| Cocaine positive | 65 | 13.9 |
| Cocaine negative | 403 | 86.1 |
| THC positive | 27 | 5.8 |
| THC negative | 441 | 94.2 |
| Benzodiazepine positive | 43 | 9.2 |
| Benzodiazepine negative | 425 | 90.8 |
| Initial medication prescribed | ||
| Buprenorphine | 443 | 94.7 |
| Extended-release naltrexone | 20 | 4.3 |
| Oral naltrexone | 5 | 1.1 |
Unless otherwise noted, n=468. Percentages exclude missing data.
*
n for opioid screen only=422.