Table 4.

Healthy eating messages used in Study 1 with corresponding argumentation schemes.

Scheme name	Message
Argument from commitment with goal	As you want to eat healthy, you are committed to eating healthy foods. So, you are also committed to shopping carefully and reading the labels as it helps you to eat healthy foods.
Argument from expert opinion with goal	A nutritionist recommends that you keep a log of your daily calorie intake to manage calorie intake. So, you should follow their recommendation.
Argument from position to know with goal	A college football star suggests that you eat a diet high in protein to have more energy. So, you should follow their suggestion.
Argument from sunk cost with action	You have a choice whether or not to eat vegetables with every serving, however, you committed to doing so earlier. So, you should choose to eat vegetables with every serving.
Practical reasoning with goal	If you cut out added sugars, white flours, white rice and soft drinks, it helps you to lose weight. So, you ought to do this.