Table 3. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for all-cause mortality comparing untreated vs. treated patients with newly diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma, overall and by SEER stage.
| Mortality rate (per 100 pys) | Crude | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||
| Overall | ||||
| Untreated | 83.75 | 3.72 (3.64, 3.80) | 3.74 (3.56. 3.72) | 3.11 (3.04, 3.18) |
| Treated | 19.33 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Localized | ||||
| Untreated | 40.03 | 3.15 (3.04, 3.27) | 3.10 (2.99. 3.21) | 2.94 (2.83, 3.05) |
| Treated | 11.91 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Regional | ||||
| Untreated | 168.20 | 4.04 (3.88, 4.19) | 3.90 (3.75. 4.05) | 3.71 (3.57, 3.86) |
| Treated | 34.56 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Distant | ||||
| Untreated | 289.09 | 2.78 (2.65, 2.91) | 2.65 (2.53, 2.78) | 2.49 (2.38, 2.61) |
| Treated | 93.20 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Unknown | ||||
| Untreated | 82.78 | 3.73 (3.54. 3.94) | 3.61 (3.42, 3.81) | 3.36 (3.19, 3.55) |
| Treated | 19.71 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.
Model 1: Adjusted for sex, age, year of HCC diagnosis, SEER stage, income percentile (Medical aid, ≤ 30th, > 30th– 70th, and > 70th), residency area (urban vs rural) and comorbidities; Model 2: Further adjusted for etiology, and severe liver disease.