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Biochemical functionalization of the GFET nanosensor. a) Illustration of the fabrication and functionalization process of the nanosensor. b) Image of the nanosensor with source, drain, and on-chip gate electrodes. Inset is the SEM image of the graphene conducting channel on electrodes. c) Raman spectra of the graphene before and after PASE treatment. d) Transfer characteristic curves of the graphene before and after PASE, aptamer, and Tween 20 modification.
