Table 1.
General characteristics of enrolled children according to asthma control status.
| Characteristics | Well-controlled asthma (n = 136) | Partly or uncontrolled asthma (n = 73) | Group differences | P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (min-max) | 7.61 (5.71–10.11) | 6.27 (4.87–8.54) | Z = −2.294 | 0.022 |
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| Male, n (%) | 82 (60.29) | 39 (53.42) | χ 2 = 0.920 | 0.338 |
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| BMI, median (min-max) | 16.28 (14.77–18.31) | 16.42 (14.88–19.79) | Z = −0.358 | 0.719 |
|
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| Obesity, n (%) | 9 (6.62) | 10 (13.70) | χ 2 = 1.423 | 0.233 |
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| History of AR, n (%) | 99 (72.79) | 50 (68.49) | χ 2 = 0.429 | 0.512 |
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| Allergy, n (%) | 122 (89.71) | 68 (93.15) | χ 2 = 0.682 | 0.409 |
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| PSQ, median (min-max) | 0.13 (0.04–0.26) | 0.22 (0.13–0.35) | Z = −4.180 | ≤0.001 |
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| SRBD, n (%) | 19 (13.97) | 25 (34.24) | χ 2 = 11.750 | 0.001 |
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| Lung function | ||||
| FVC (% pred) median (min-max) | 85.30 (79.55–94.50) | 84.10 (74.40–97.90) | Z = -1.564 | 0.118 |
| FEV1 (% pred) median (min-max) | 97.00 (93.35–107.95) | 91.90 (85.40–104.20) | Z = -2.678 | 0.007 |
| FEV1/FVC median (min-max) | 113.90 (110.90–116.10) | 113.40 (107.40–116.10) | Z = −1.294 | 0.196 |
| PEF (% pred) median (min-max) | 97.00 (84.15–108.50) | 83.90 (76.60–95.00) | Z = −3.930 | ≤0.001 |
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| FeNO median (min-max) | 14.00 (10.00–23.50) | 13.00 (10.00–18.00) | Z = −0.159 | 0.874 |
Data were presented as mean ± SD, median, min-max, or n (%) unless otherwise stated. P < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference. BMI, body mass index; AR, allergic rhinitis; PSQ, pediatric sleep questionnaire; SRBD, sleep-related breathing disorders; FeNO, exhaled nitric oxide; SD, standard deviation; FEV, forced vital capacity; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PEF, peak expiratory flow; min-max, minimum and maximum interquartile range. The variables with statistical differences are indicated in bold.