Table 3.
Study characteristics.
| References | Groups | Subjects (n) | Age (Mean ± SD) | Training intervention | Variables | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level | Frequency/wk. | Duration (weeks) | Training protocol | |||||
| Maio Alves et al. (2010) | CT1 CT2 CG |
9 8 6 |
17.4 ± 0.6 | P | 1 2 |
6 |
Pre-season 1st station: 6 rep of 90 squat exercise at 85% 1RM + 1 set of 5 m high skipping in straight line and then 5 m sprint. 2nd station: 6 rep of calf extension exercise at 90% 1RM + 8 vertical jumps + 3 high-ball headers. 3rd station: 6 rep of leg extension exercise at 80% 1RM + 6 jumps from the seated position + 3 drops jumps (60 cm) executing a soccer heading. The load was increased 5% (from 1RM) every 2 weeks. |
5m, 15m, SJ, CMJ, COD |
| Ali et al. (2019) | CT CST CG |
12 12 12 |
22 ± 2.4 20.8 ± 2.1 21.5 ± 1.8 |
C | 3 | 6 |
Off-season Squats (80% 1 RM) 3 × 12 + Depth jumps 3 × 12 Barbell lunge (80% 1 RM) 3 × 12 + Split squat jumps 3 × 12 Lateral lunge (80% 1 RM) 3 × 12 + Lateral hops 3 × 12 |
20m, CMJ, COD (T-test) |
| Brito et al. (2014) | CG ST PT CT |
21 12 12 12 |
20.3 ± 1.6 | C | 2 | 9 |
In-season Station 1: 6 reps of 85% of 1RM SQ at 90°+ 1 set high skipping, cyclically, with thighs Parallel to the ground (5m) + 1 5m sprint Station 2: 6 reps at 90% of 1RM calf extension + 8 consecutive vertical jumps withMinimum GCT + 3 ball headers (jumping as high as possible) Station 3: 6 reps at 80% of 1RM of leg extension + 6 vertical jumps from seated position+ 3 DJ (60 cm) with soccer heading post vertical jumps |
5m, 20m, SJ, CMJ, COD (T-test) |
| Cavaco et al. (2014) | CT1 CT2 CG |
5 5 6 |
13.8 ± 0.4 14.2 ± 0.4 14.2 ± 0.8 |
Y | 1 2 |
6 | First station: 3 sets, with 6 squat repetitions at 85% of 1-RM, 15 m plus top speed and cross, separated by 3 min of rest. Second station: 3 sets, 6 repetitions of the squat at 85% of 1-RM, plus agility with the ball and shot at the goal, separated by 3 min of rest. The load in the squat exercise was increased by 5% from initial 1RM each 2 weeks. |
15m, 15m agility with ball |
| Chatzinikolaou et al. (2018) | CG CT |
10 12 |
14.1 ± 0.6 14.3 ± 0.7 |
P | 2 | 5 |
Off-season 2 days ST with 13 exercises 2 days CXT Day 1: Barbell cleans+10–20m sprints/agility drills; Kettlebell snatch+10–20m sprints/agility drills; Box jumps+10m agility drills Day 2: Power bag jerk+10–20m sprints; Kettlebell snatch_10–20m sprints; Resistive sprints + sprints (8m + 15–20m) |
10m, 30m, SJ, CMJ, COD (Arrowhead) |
| Faude et al. (2013) | CG CT |
8 8 |
22.5 ± 2.5 | A | 2 | 7 |
In-season Day 1: Unilateral load half SQ (90% of estimated 1 RM) + 5 single leg hurdle jumps (right and left leg) Day 2: (50–60% 1RM) |
10m, 30m, CMJ, COD |
| 5 loaded half SQ + 5 DJ + 5m sprint; 5 loaded calf raises + 5 high straight jumps + 1 headers; 8 loaded lateral half SQ (4 left, 4 right side) + 8 lateral jumps + 10 zig-zag sprints; 8 loaded step ups (4 left, 4 right side) + 4 bounding jumps + 3 headers |
||||||||
| García-Pinillos et al. (2014) | CG CT |
13 17 |
15.9 ± 1.4 | P | 2 | 12 |
In-season Weeks 1–2: 90° isometric half SQ (40 s) + jump from seated position (6 reps) Weeks 3–4: 90° isometric half SQ (60 s) + alternate single leg jump (6 reps) Weeks 5–6: 90° isometric half SQ (80 s) + jump from seated position/ alternate single leg jump (alternatively) Weeks 7–8: 90° isometric half SQ (40 s) + alternate single leg jump (6 reps) + 90° isometric half SQ (40 s) + jump from seated position (6 reps) Week 9–10: 90° isometric half SQ (40 s) + alternate single leg jump (6 reps) + 90° isometric half SQ (40 s) + jump from seated position (6 reps) Week 11–12: same as 9–10 |
5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, CMJ, COD (BAT) |
| Hammami et al. (2017a) | CG ST CT |
12 16 16 |
16 ± 0.5 | P | 2 | 8 |
In-season First 4 weeks: Back Half SQ+3 consecutive CMJ Second 4 weeks: Back Half SQ+1 CMJ+15m sprint |
5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, SJ, CMJ, S180, S4 × 5m |
| Hammami et al. (2017b) | CT CG |
17 12 |
16.0 ± 0.5 16.8 ± 0.2 |
P | 2 | 8 |
In-season Weeks 1–4: Half SQ + 3 consecutive CMJ Weeks 5–8: Half SQ + 1 CMJ + 15m sprint |
5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, 40m, S4x5, S180 |
| Hammami et al. (2019) | CT PT CG |
14 14 12 |
15.8 ± 0.4 | P | 2 | 8 |
In-season Weeks 1–4: Half SQ + 3 consecutive CMJ Weeks 5–8: Half SQ + 1 CMJ + 15m sprint |
5m, 40m, SJ, CMJ, COD (4 × 5m) |
1RM, one repetition maximum; 5m, 5-m linear sprint time; 10m, 10-m linear sprint time; 15m, 15-m linear sprint time; 20m, 20-m linear sprint time; 30m, 30-m linear sprint time; 40m, 40-m linear sprint time; A, amateur soccer team; BAT, Balsom agility test; C, college level; CG, control Group; CMJ, countermovement jump; COD, change of direction; CT, complex training group; CT1, complex training with one session per week; CT2, complex training with two sessions per week; CST, contrast training group; DJ, drop jump; P, professional soccer team. Some youth teams were categorized as professionals, considering the training load and/or playing level described in the respective studies (e.g., “Elite”); PT, plyometric training group; RDL, Romanian deadlift; rep, repetitions; S, semi-professional; S180, Sprinting 9-3-6-3-9 m with 180° Turns; S4 × 5, 4 × 5m sprints with COD; SJ, squat jump; SPT, sprint training group; SQ, squat; Y, youth.