Table 3.

p-values of the two-way factorial analysis of growth, yield, and physiological and biochemical parameters of maize as influenced by various foliar treatments under both soil water conditions.

Parameters	Main factors effects		Interaction effects
	S	F	S × F
Plant height	< 0.0001	< 0.0293	< 0.0491
Fresh weight	< 0.0001	< 0.0069	< 0.0426
Dry weight	< 0.0001	< 0.0281	< 0.0487
Number of leaves	< 0.0001	< 0.0060	< 0.0268
Leaf area	< 0.0001	< 0.0030	< 0.0376
Number of grains	< 0.0001	< 0.0340	< 0.0473
100-grain weight	< 0.0003	< 0.0204	< 0.0342
Biological yield	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0073
Grain yield	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0152
Harvest index	< 0.0113	< 0.0197	< 0.0466
Chlorophyll a content	< 0.0022	< 0.0014	< 0.0327
Chlorophyll b content	< 0.0001	< 0.0078	< 0.0254
Total chlorophyll content	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0426
RWC	< 0.0001	< 0.0273	< 0.0305
Net photosynthesis rate	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0254
Transpiration rate	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0159
Stomatal conductance	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0289
Intercellular CO2 concentration	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0186
APX activity	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0008
GR activity	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
POD activity	< 0.0003	< 0.0001	< 0.0376
CAT activity	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0226
SOD activity	< 0.0001	< 0.0039	< 0.0288
MDA content	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0342
H2O2 content	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0245
O2− content	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0076
Free proline content	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0008
Total soluble sugar	< 0.0001	< 0.0001	< 0.0287

‘S’: effect of soil water conditions; ‘F’: effect of foliar treatments; S × F, effect of the interaction between two variables.

p-values are regarded as significant (p < 0.05, n = 3) and highly significant (p < 0.01, n = 3).