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. 2021 Feb 4;11:3115. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82466-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Electrotaxis of mitochondrial mutants. Refer to Fig. 1 for a description of box plot. (A) isp-1(qm150) (p < 0.001) and gas-1(fc21) (p < 0.001) animals exhibit speed defects. In contrast, mev-1(kn1) (p = 0.567), pink-1(ok3538) (p = 0.239), ucp-4(ok195) (p = 0.942), clk-1(e2519) (p = 0.065), sod-2(gk257) (p = 0.509), sod-3(tm760) (p = 0.578), and sod-2(gk257); sod-3(tm760) double (p = 0.485) mutants are comparable to the wild-type (N2) control. (B) mev-1(kn1) animals exhibited significant slowness following treatment with 50 μM (p = 0.003) or 75 μM (p < 0.001) PQ. (C) pink-1(ok3538) animals showed no obvious defect following treatment with 50 μM (p = 0.394) or 75 μM (p = 0.694) PQ, but were significantly slower following treatment with 125 μM PQ (p < 0.001). (D) ucp-4(ok195) animals were normal following treatment with 50 μM (p = 0.946), but showed significant slowness when treated with 75 μM PQ (p = 0.002). (E) atfs-1(et15) and atfs-1(gk3094) animals showed defective electrotaxis phenotype (p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively). (F) atfs-1 RNAi resulted in a significant decrease in the electrotaxis speed of N2 (p < 0.001) and isp-1(qm150) (p = 0.0480) animals whereas it had no effect on the speed of gas-1(fc21) (p = 0.7929) animals. The numbers of animals were (A) N2: n = 40, isp-1(qm150): n = 39, gas-1(fc21): n = 29, mev-1(kn1): n = 40, pink-1(ok3538): n = 61, ucp-4(ok195): n = 40, clk-1(e2519): n = 30, sod-2(gk257): n = 21, sod-3(tm760): n = 20, sod-2(gk257); sod-3(tm760): n = 20. (B) N2: n = 29, atfs-1(et15): n = 26, atfs-1(gk3094): n = 26. (C) mev-1(kn1) untreated: n = 20, + 50 μM PQ: n = 18, + 75 μM PQ: n = 20. (D) pink-1(ok3538) untreated: n = 33, + 50 μM PQ: n = 20, + 75 μM PQ: n = 40, + 125 μM PQ: n = 27. (E) ucp-4(ok195) untreated: n = 20, + 50 μM PQ: n = 20, + 75 μM PQ: n = 20. (F) N2, L4440: n = 45, N2, atfs-1 RNAi: n = 44, isp-1(qm150), L4440: n = 60, isp-1(qm150), atfs-1 RNAi: n = 93, gas-1(fc21), L4440: n = 76, gas-1(fc21) atfs-1 RNAi: n = 71. In all cases statistical analyses were done using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test.