Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model of overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in five pTN groups.
| OS (n = 4236, event = 351) | CSS (n = 4236, event = 212) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable model | Multivariable model | Univariable model | Multivariable model | ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Group | pT1N0 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| pTxN1 | 8.78 (5.58–13.83) | < .001 | 5.86 (3.41–10.06) | < .001 | 15.22 (8.87–26.12) | < .001 | 9.34 (5.01–17.41) | < .001 | |
| pT2N0 | 1.77 (1.26–2.49) | 0.001 | 1.15 (0.80–1.66) | 0.457 | 3.24 (2.13–4.94) | < .001 | 2.13 (1.35–3.36) | 0.001 | |
| pT3N0 | 4.13 (3.23–5.29) | < .001 | 2.14 (1.61–2.83) | < .001 | 7.53 (5.48–10.34) | < .001 | 4.12 (2.90–5.87) | < .001 | |
| pT4N0 | 11.46 (6.05–21.69) | < .001 | 4.89 (2.39–9.99) | < .001 | 25.24 (13.04–48.86) | < .001 | 10.33 (4.93–21.63) | < .001 | |
| Age at operation | 1.05 (1.04–1.06) | < .001 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | < .001 | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) | < .001 | 1.02 (1.00–1.03) | 0.032 | |
| Body mass index (kg/cm2) | 0.92 (0.88–0.95) | < .001 | 0.93 (0.89–0.96) | < .001 | 0.90 (0.86–0.94) | < .001 | 0.91 (0.86–0.95) | < .001 | |
| Diabetes | Yes | 1.89 (1.46–2.45) | < .001 | 1.75 (1.31–2.33) | < .001 | 1.82 (1.31–2.54) | < .001 | 2.21 (1.53–3.18) | < .001 |
| Hypertension | Yes | 1.43 (1.15–1.78) | 0.001 | 1.35 (1.04–1.75) | 0.023 | 1.32 (0.99–1.74) | 0.055 | ||
| ASA | 1 + 2 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| 3 + 4 | 4.23 (3.01–5.94) | < .001 | 3.08 (2.15–4.41) | < .001 | 3.27 (2.01–5.31) | < .001 | 2.37 (1.41–3.96) | 0.001 | |
| Hb | Female (≤ 12), male (≤ 13) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| Female (> 12), male (> 13) | 0.27 (0.21–0.34) | < .001 | 0.50 (0.39–0.64) | < .001 | 0.25 (0.19–0.33) | < .001 | 0.53 (0.39–0.74) | < .001 | |
| Platelet | ≥ 150, ≤ 450 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||
| < 150 | 1.33 (0.82–2.15) | 0.253 | 0.67 (0.30–1.53) | 0.343 | |||||
| > 450 | 3.61 (1.91–6.82) | < .001 | 3.85 (1.80–8.24) | 0.001 | |||||
| Creatinine | ≤ 1.3 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||
| > 1.3 | 2.44 (1.81–3.31) | < .001 | 2.56 (1.75–3.76) | < .001 | |||||
| Albumin | ≤ 3.0 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||
| > 3.0 | 0.27 (0.15–0.47) | < .001 | 0.22 (0.12–0.42) | < .001 | |||||
| Nephrectomy | Open surgery | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| Laparoscopic | 0.32 (0.24–0.41) | < .001 | 0.61 (0.45–0.83) | 0.002 | 0.30 (0.21–0.42) | < .001 | 0.63 (0.43–0.93) | 0.019 | |
| Operative extent | Partial | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |||||
| Radical | 2.76 (1.95–3.91) | < .001 | 1.51 (1.03–2.22) | 0.036 | 4.18 (2.51–6.97) | < .001 | |||
| Histology | Clear cell | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| Non-clear cell | 0.91 (0.65–1.28) | 0.579 | 0.89 (0.62–1.28) | 0.535 | 0.99 (0.65–1.51) | 0.976 | 0.94 (0.60–1.46) | 0.782 | |
| Mixed | 3.32 (1.64–6.70) | 0.001 | 2.21 (0.99–4.94) | 0.054 | 4.66 (2.19–9.95) | < .001 | 2.93 (1.25–6.90) | 0.014 | |
| Nuclear grade | Grade 1–2 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||
| Grade 3–4 | 2.32 (1.78–3.04) | < .001 | 1.73 (1.29–2.32) | < .001 | 3.83 (2.64–5.56) | < .001 | 2.68 (1.78–4.04) | < .001 | |
| Sarcomatoid differentiation | Yes | 3.85 (2.25–6.58) | < .001 | 1.98 (1.09–3.60) | 0.026 | 5.73 (3.26–10.07) | < .001 | 1.85 (0.97–3.52) | 0.063 |
| Necrosis | Yes | 1.80 (1.30–2.51) | 0.001 | 2.70 (1.88–3.89) | < .001 | ||||
| Lymphovascular invasion | Yes | 2.64 (1.85–3.76) | < .001 | 3.56 (2.37–5.34) | < .001 | ||||
| Capsular invasion | Yes | 1.02 (0.78–1.33) | 0.877 | 1.25 (0.90–1.73) | 0.185 | ||||