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. 2021 Jan 22;14:598453. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2020.598453

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Copyright © 2021 Sangaran, Ibrahim, Chik, Mohamed and Ahmadiani.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Caspase activity in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathway. Fold changes in caspase 3/7, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activities in LPS-induced cells, LPS-preconditioned cells, and LPS-induced cells with caspase inhibitors compared to control cells based on the relative luminescence units generated through the cleavage of substrate after treatment. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, followed by a Bonferroni post-hoc test, **p < 0.01 ****p < 0.0001 vs. control cells. Data are expressed as mean ± S.E.M of three independent experiments.