TABLE 2.

Characteristics of physicians and shifts observed

	Phase 1 Pre‐implementation	Phase 2 Go live	Phase 3 Post‐implementation
Number of physicians observed	15	15	15
Male, no. (%)	11 (73.3)	11 (73.3)	11 (73.3)
Years in practice:<10, no. (%) 10–20, no. (%)  >20, no. (%)	6 (40.0) 6 (40.0) 4 (26.7)	6 (40.0) 6 (40.0) 4 (26.7)	6 (40.) 6 (40.0) 4 (26.7)
Physician efficiency tier Low no. (%) Middle no. (%) High no. (%)	3 (20.0) 6 (40.0) 6 (40.0)	3 (20.0) 6 (40.0) 6 (40.0)	3 (20.0) 6 (40.0) 6 (40.0)
Time of direct observation (h:m:s)	116:50:22	110:39:25	108:03:35
Shift time, no. (%)	29 (100)	28 (100)	27 (100)
Beginning of shift	12 (41.3)	13 (46.4)	15 (55.6)
End of shift	17 (58.6)	15 (53.6)	12 (44.4)