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. 2021 Feb 4;11:3123. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-82364-4

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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tDCS after effects over SEPs in S1 cortex. (A) Normalized amplitude change of N1 averaged every 5 min for 20 min of anodal (red diamonds), cathodal (blue squares) or sham (black triangles) tDCS. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, TIME: F_5.4,146.5 = 2.792, p = 0.016; tDCS POLARITY: F_2,27 = 20.895, p < 0.001, interaction TIME × tDCS POLARITY: F_10.9,146.5 = 8.967, p < 0.001. Filled symbols represent statistical differences with the last control period (n = 10 mice, p < 0.05, Bonferroni post hoc test). Asterisks mark statistical differences between the same temporal period for anodal or cathodal with sham tDCS (n = 10 animals, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, Bonferroni). (B-D) ERP analysis comparing all SEPs averaged 20 min before tDCS (black trace) with respect to averaged SEPs during 20 min of tDCS (first column), or averaged SEPs in the first 20 min after tDCS cessation (Post-1, second column) or the next 20 min (Post-2, third column) for cathodal (blue traces), anodal (red traces) or sham (grey traces) tDCS. Grey shadow represents statistical differences between points (p < 0.05, paired t-test).