Table 5.

The effect of inclusion of safflower oil and vitamin C in the broiler chicken diet on the behavioral activities

	Vitamin C level (mg/kg diet)		Safflower oil level (g/kg)			Vitamin C × Safflower oil						SEM	P-value
	0	400	0	5	10	0Vit.C+ 0 Saff. Oil	0Vit.C + 5 Saff. Oil	0Vit.C+ 10 Saff. Oil	400Vit.C+ 0 Saff. Oil	400Vit.C+ 5 Saff. Oil	400Vit.C+ 10 Saff. Oil	SEM	Vit. C	Saff. oil	Vit. C x Saff. oil
Feeding	48.99^b	79.86^a	48.76^b	62.56^ab	81.93^a	32.27	49.96	64.76	65.28	75.15	99.15	9.6	0.001	0.015	0.89
Drinking	33.85	37.82	28.44^b	24.35^b	54.71^a	32.22	16.65	52.68	24.67	32.06	56.73	8.51	0.6	0.003	0.49
Resting	129.6^b	211.04^a	115.94^b	172.9^b	222.12^a	70.28	148.5	170.21	161.6	197.48	274.03	12.55	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.41
Standing	53.65	44.4	68.69^a	51.26^ab	27.12^b	81.88	42.1	36.98	55.51	60.43	17.27	10.6	0.33	0.003	0.12
Walking	46.44	47.27	50.08	54.74	35.76	32.33^b	62.61^a	44.40^b	67.83 ^a	46.86^b	27.13^b	9.2	0.9	0.15	0.02
Feather preening	27.99^b	57.97^a	30.89^b	45.63^ab	52.42^a	24.78^b	33.3^b	25.9^b	37.0^b	57.96^ab	78.94^a	7.2	< 0.01	0.03	0.04
Others comfort	15.77^b	34.94^a	23.35	28.59	27.13	15.87	16.65	14.8	30.83	34.53	39.46	5.9	< 0.01	0.85	0.75
Foraging	25.56	26.72	35.95^a	30.76^a	11.7^b	29.98	43.02	3.68	41.93	18.5	19.73	3.58	0.86	0.01	0.02
Feather pecking	5.45	1.64	5.89	2.75	1.99	8.09	5.5	2.76	3.68	0.62	1.23	0.65	0.02	0.147	0.59

^{a, b} Means within the same row carrying different superscripts are significantly different (P < 0.05)