TABLE A1.
Land cover designations modified from the national land cover database with percent land cover within study area, extracted from Jin et al. (2013), Michigan's Upper Peninsula, USA, 2011
| Land cover class | Definition of designation | Cover (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Deciduous forest |
Areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 m tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. More than 75% of the tree species shed foliage simultaneously in response to seasonal change Aspen (Populus tremuloides or P. grandidentata) represents dominant cover for 12% of deciduous forests within the study area (Ellenwood et al., 2015) |
43 |
| Woody or emergent herbaceous wetland | Areas where forest or shrub land vegetation accounts for greater than 20% of vegetative cover and the soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered with water. Areas where perennial herbaceous vegetation accounts for greater than 80% of vegetative cover and the soil or substrate is periodically saturated with or covered with water | 29 |
| Mixed forest | Areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 m tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. Neither deciduous nor evergreen species are greater than 75% of total tree cover | 10 |
| Evergreen forest | Areas dominated by trees generally greater than 5 m tall, and greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. More than 75% of the tree species maintain their leaves all year. Canopy is never without green foliage | 6 |
| Grassland/herbaceous/shrub/scrub | Areas dominated by grammanoid or herbaceous vegetation, generally greater than 80% of total vegetation. These areas are not subject to intensive management such as tilling but can be utilized for grazing. Areas dominated by shrubs; less than 5 m tall with shrub canopy typically greater than 20% of total vegetation. Includes true shrubs, young trees in an early successional stage or trees stunted from environmental conditions | 5 |
| Open water | Areas of open water, generally with less than 25% cover or vegetation or soil | 4 |
| Developed (i.e., urban, barren, pasture, agriculture) | All other areas modified by agriculture or developed land use practices such as farmed row crops, pastures, roads, and structures | 3 |