Table 4.
Production of PHAs by mixed microbial cultures using volatile fatty acids.
| Carbon Source | Type of PHA | PHA (%) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acetic acid | P(3HB) | 40.0 | [74] |
| P(3HB) | 78.5 | [73] | |
| P(3HB) | 89.0 | [75] | |
| Municipal wastewater + acetic acid | P(3HB) | 30.0 | [77] |
| Fermented paper mill wastewater (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 48.0 | [78] |
| Fermented molasses (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 66.0 | [14] |
| Fermented food waste (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) + dewatered sludge | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 64.5 | [79] |
| Fermented paperboard mill wastewater (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 67.4 | [80] |
| Sludge hydrolysis liquid (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 24.1 | [81] |
| Fermented crude glycerol | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 76.0 | [82] |
| Fermented wood waste (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 50.3 | [83] |
| Fermented cheese whey (acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid) | P(3HB-co-3HV) | 30.0 | [84] |