Table 1.
Gastrointestinal adverse events. Relevant symptoms for the four investigated drugs were selected from http://drugcentral.org/ (LR: Likelihood ratio).
| Category | MedDRA Adverse Event Term |
LR Donepezil |
LR Rivastigmine |
LR Galantamine |
LR Memantine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eating behavior | Decreased appetite | 335.24 | 127.75 | 67.45 | 199.77 |
| Dehydration | 154.16 | 134.20 | - | 160.69 | |
| Diet refusal | - | - | - | 44.01 | |
| Dysphagia | - | 145.45 | - | 63.51 | |
| Eating disorder | - | 44.27 | - | 48.36 | |
| Hypophagia | 63.10 | - | - | 43.76 | |
| Malaise | - | 280.04 | - | 105.56 | |
| Nausea | 144.38 | 315.48 | - | 77.11 | |
| Salivary hypersecretion | 53.98 | - | - | - | |
| Weight decreased | 54.62 | 124.86 | - | 89.91 | |
| Gastrointestinal dysfunction | Anal incontinence | 48.70 | - | - | - |
| Constipation | - | - | - | 76.09 | |
| Diarrhoea | 163.56 | 132.59 | - | - | |
| Faecaloma | - | - | - | 40.77 | |
| Gastric ulcer | 62.65 | - | - | ||
| Gastrointestinal haemorrhage | 99.75 | 41.61 | - | - | |
| Gastrointestinal disorder | - | 65.65 | - | - | |
| Duodenal ulcer | 79.33 | - | - | ||
| Melaena | 43.41 | - | - | - | |
| Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage | 49.68 | - | - | - | |
| Vomiting | 332.71 | 438.03 | 55.85 | 104.10 | |
| Pancreatic/hepatic dysfunction | Aspartate aminotransferase ↑ | - | - | - | 68.31 |
| Alanine aminotransferase ↑ | - | - | - | 56.78 | |
| Blood alkaline phosphatase ↑ | - | - | - | 68.56 | |
| Hepatic function abnormal | 63.00 | - | - | - | |
| Hepatitis | - | 47.10 | - | 56.62 | |
| Pancreatitis | - | - | - | 53.69 | |
| Pancreatitis acute | - | - | - | 97.25 |
↑: elevated.