Figure 1.

G_12/13-YAP/TAZ signaling axis is up-regulated in many bladder cancers.A, diagram of a G_12/13-YAP/TAZ signaling cascade. B, many bladder cancers show genetic alterations in the G_12/13-YAP/TAZ signaling cascade that collectively suggest up-regulation. Data mined from the TCGA-BLCA data set is displayed as an oncoprint representation. C, up-regulated expression of the G_12/13 pathway correlates with YAP/TAZ activation in bladder cancers. The correlation between the expression of G_12/13 pathway components and a 24-gene transcriptional signature regulated by YAP/TAZ was assessed by ssGSEA. The solid line represents the linear regression fit of the data, with 95% confidence intervals indicated in gray. D, comparison of the correlation coefficient observed in C (vertical dotted line) with a null distribution generated from bootstrapping correlation coefficients for the G_12/13 pathway and 10,000 randomly selected 24-gene signatures. The statistical significance p value was determined as described under “Experimental procedures.”