. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 5.

Published in final edited form as: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020 Feb 17;36(5):e3295. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3295

TABLE 1.

Subject characteristics

	Obese T2D n = 28	Non-obese T2D n = 12	Non-diabetic controls n = 12^c
Sex, male/female	14/14^*	11/1	10/2
Ancestry, Caucasian, #	11	5	9
African American, #	17	4	3
Asian, #	0	3	0
Age, years	54.7 ± 1.8	58.8 ± 2.5	32.2 ± 2.3^†
Diabetes duration, years	3.9 ± 0.8	4.8 ± 1.5	NA
BMI, kg/m²	35.5 ± 0.8^*	25.0 ± 0.7	25.1 ± 0.8
Fasting glucose, mg/dL^a	130 ± 3	126 ± 3	91 ± 3^†
Fasting insulin, μU/mL^b	21.5 ± 2.7^*	13.1 ± 1.9	7.5 ± 0.9^†
Fasting proinsulin, pmol/L	29.2 ± 2.9 ^£	20.6 ± 2.0	8.3 ± 1.6^†
One-hour glucose, mg/dL^a	240 ± 8	255 ± 14	125 ± 13^‡
Two-hour glucose, mg/dL^a	237 ± 10	228 ± 13	93 ± 7^‡
HbA_1c, %	6.5 ± 0.1	6.5 ± 0.1	ND

Note: Data are means ± SE. T2D, type 2 diabetes; NA, not applicable; ND, not done. One-hour and two-glucose levels were derived from a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

To convert units to mmol/L, multiply by 0.05551.

To convert units to pmol/L, multiply by 7.175.

n = 8 for the OGTT.

P ≤ .05 when comparing obese T2D to non-obese T2D subjects;

^†

P ≤ .05 when comparing non-obese T2D to non-diabetic controls;

^£

P < .1 when comparing obese T2D to non-obese T2D subjects;

^‡

P < .001 when comparing non-obese T2D to non-diabetic controls.