Table 1:
Characteristics of the study cohort
| Baseline characteristics | Total (N=11,502) |
Quartile 1 (n=2,874) |
Quartile 2 (n=2,876) |
Quartile 3 (n=2,878) |
Quartile 4 (n=2,874) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Mean (SD), y* | 55.9 (3.8) | 55.5 (3.8) | 55.8 (3.9) | 56.1 (3.6) | 56.4 (3.6) |
| Sex, n (%)* | |||||
| Women | 6422 (55.8) | 1970 (68.5) | 1547 (53.8) | 1397 (48.5) | 1508 (52.5) |
| Men | 5080 (44.2) | 904 (31.5) | 1329 (46.2) | 1481 (51.5) | 1366 (47.5) |
| Race, n (%)* | |||||
| White | 9285 (80.7) | 2569 (89.4) | 2422 (84.2) | 2248 (78.1) | 2046 (71.2) |
| Black | 2217 (19.3) | 305 (10.6) | 454 (15.8) | 630 (21.9) | 828 (28.8) |
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hg* | 124.8 (18.6) | 108.4 (10.6) | 119.6 (10.8) | 128.4 (12.9) | 142.8 (17.8) |
| DBP, mean (SD), mm Hg* | 75.6 (11.0) | 67.5 (8.2) | 73.7 (8.3) | 77.9 (9.2) | 83.3 (11.4) |
| BMI, mean (SD)*† | 28.5 (5.8) | 26.3 (5.1) | 28.2 (5.4) | 29.2 (5.7) | 30.3 (6.4) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL‡ | 207.4 (42.5) | 205.9 (40.3) | 207.9 (43.2) | 206.6 (42.4) | 209.3 (43.8) |
| HDL cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL*§ | 53.7 (17.5) | 57.7 (18.0) | 53.4 (16.7) | 52.0 (17.6) | 51.6 (17.2) |
| Diabetes, n (%)* | 1156 (10.1) | 122 (4.2) | 213 (7.4) | 336 (11.7) | 485 (16.9) |
| Education, n (%)* | |||||
| Less than grade 12 | 1483 (12.9) | 300 (10.4) | 369 (12.9) | 380 (13.2) | 434 (15.1) |
| High School | 3236 (28.1) | 739 (25.7) | 793 (27.6) | 818 (28.4) | 886 (30.8) |
| College | 6783 (59.0) | 1835 (63.9) | 1714 (59.6) | 1680 (58.4) | 1554 (54.1) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 2480 (21.6) | 668 (23.3) | 593 (20.6) | 595 (20.7) | 624 (21.7) |
| Antihypertensive medication, n (%)*∥ | 3005 (26.5) | 194 (6.8) | 460 (16.2) | 826 (29.0) | 1525 (53.8) |
| Cum10ySBP, mean (SD), mmHg x years*¶ | 1212 (154) | 1049 (69) | 1156 (59) | 1244 (67) | 1399 (126) |
| CumSBP1-5y, mean (SD), mmHg x years*# | 598 (78) | 518 (36) | 570 (32) | 614 (37) | 691 (67) |
| CumSBP6-10y, mean (SD), mmHg x years*,** | 614 (79) | 531 (36) | 586 (32) | 630 (37) | 708 (67) |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Any CVD | |||||
| Total, n (%)* | 1958 (17.0) | 312 (10.9) | 424 (14.7) | 514 (17.9) | 708 (24.6) |
| Events/1000 person-years | 15.5 | 9.4 | 13.1 | 16.5 | 24.0 |
| CHD | |||||
| Total, n (%)* | 1058 (9.2) | 159 (5.5) | 225 (7.8) | 298 (10.4) | 376 (13.1) |
| Events/1000 person-years | 8.0 | 4.7 | 6.7 | 9.2 | 12.0 |
| Stroke | |||||
| Total, n (%)* | 697 (6.1) | 110 (3.8) | 151 (5.3) | 177 (6.2) | 259 (9.0) |
| Events/1000 person-years | 5.2 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 8.1 |
| CHF | |||||
| Total, n (%)* | 759 (6.6) | 103 (3.6) | 163 (5.7) | 187 (6.5) | 306 (10.7) |
| Events/1000 person-years | 5.6 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 9.5 |
| All-cause mortality* | |||||
| Total, n (%) | 2624 (22.8) | 570 (19.8) | 619 (21.5) | 656 (22.8) | 779 (27.1) |
| Events/1000 person-years | 19.1 | 16.2 | 17.8 | 19.1 | 23.3 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; Cum10ySBP, cumulative systolic blood pressure for the exposure period, years 1-10; CumSBP1-5y, cumulative systolic blood pressure for the early exposure period, years 1-5; CumSBP6-10y, cumulative systolic blood pressure for the proximal exposure period, years 6-10; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; HDL, High-density lipoprotein; and SBP, Systolic blood pressure.
Significant value of <.01
BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared
Significant value of <.05
Data on HDL cholesterol were missing for 808 individuals
Data on antihypertensive medication use were missing for 143 individuals
Cum10ySBP was calculated as the area under the SBP curve over the exposure period (mmHg x years)
CumSBP1-5y was calculated as the area under the SBP curve over the early exposure period (mmHg x years)
CumSBP6-10y was calculated as the area under the SBP curve over the proximal exposure period (mmHg x years)