Table 1.

Baseline characteristics (N = 348).

Patients	All cohort	Training cohort	Test cohort	p value
All patients	348	244	104	-
Age
<56	172	120	52	>0.05
≥56	176	123	53
Gender
Male	196	137	59	>0.05
Female	152	106	46
Tumor primary site
Lung	106	74	32	>0.05
Gastrointestinal tract	61	43	18
Pancreas	14	10	4
Cervix	57	40	17
Other	138	97	41
Tumor metastasis site
No	259	181	78	>0.05
Yes	89	62	27
Liver metastasis	38	27	11
Lung metastasis	13	9	4
Other	38	27	11
Number of tumor metastasis sites
≤1	232	162	70	>0.05
>1	116	81	35
Chemotherapy
Yes	245	172	74	>0.05
No	103	72	31
Differentiation
High	66	46	20	>0.05
Low	282	197	85
Grade
G1-2	68	48	20	>0.05
G3	280	196	84
Lymphatic metastasis
No	108	76	32	>0.05
Yes	240	168	72
Nerve invasion
No	308	216	92	>0.05
Yes	40	28	12
HBSAg
No	284	199	85	>0.05
Yes	64	45	19
HCV
No	346	242	104	>0.05
yes	2	1	1
HBeAg
No	347	243	104	>0.05
yes	1	1	0
HBeAb
No	337	236	101	>0.05
yes	11	8	3
HBcAb
No	331	232	99	>0.05
yes	17	12	5
AST	0.7~126	10~126	0.7~118	>0.05
ALP	15~304	24~338	15~322	>0.05
BUN	1.2~16.68	1.2~16.68	1.4~33.2	>0.05
Creatinine	30~163	35~202	10~163	>0.05
CEA	0.36~66.26	0.29~66.26	0.2~98.79	>0.05
AFP	0.93~27	1.03~84.96	0.93~97.43	>0.05
CA125	2.6~97.7	2.6~94.7	2~78.2	>0.05
CA153	1.3~79	1.3~79	4.2~76.8	>0.05
CA199	0.2~93.87	0.1~120	0/2~117.6	>0.05
Ki67 proliferation index	0.1~0.99	0.01~0.99	0.08~0.98	>0.05