Table 4.

Descriptive Statistics for Pre- and Post-COVID Confidence Measures by prior Online Experience or Face-to-Face Only

	F2F only				Online Experience
Item	M	Diff.	Med.	SD	M	Diff.	Med.	SD
In-class Work/College Support Tasks
Finish Homework by Deadline
Pre	4.62	−1.38	5	0.62	4.59	−0.77	5	0.51
Post	3.24		3	1.32	3.82		4	1.38
Study when there are other interesting things to do
Pre	4.21	−1.45	4	0.88	4.05	−0.36	4	0.91
Post	2.76		3	1.32	3.69		4	0.91
Concentrate on school subjects
Pre	4.42	−1.67	5	0.78	4.08	−0.72	4	0.91
Post	2.75		3	1.42	3.36		4	1.3
Take class notes on instruction
Pre	4.58	−1.91	5	0.79	4.00	−0.59	4	1.63
Post	2.67		3	1.42	3.41		4	1.43
Use the library to get information for class assignments
Pre	4.26	−1.84	5	1.07	3.89	−1.02	4	1.60
Post	2.42		2	1.46	2.87		3	1.85
Study Habits outside of Class
Plan your schoolwork
Pre	4.42	−1.37	5	0.84	4.44	−0.70	5	0.58
Post	3.05		3	1.45	3.74		4	1.43
Organize your schoolwork
Pre	4.39	−1.29	5	0.87	4.51	−0.69	5	0.55
Post	3.09		3	1.45	3.82		4	1.45
Remember information presented in class and/or in textbooks
Pre	4.44	−1.69	5	0.74	4.13	−0.92	4	1.02
Post	2.75		3	1.29	3.21		4	1.87
Arrange a place to study without distractions
Pre	4.32	−1.55	5	0.98	4.43	−0.85	5	0.58
Post	2.77		3	1.49	3.57		4	1.92
Motivate yourself to do schoolwork
Pre	4.33	−1.79	5	0.83	4.15	−0.90	4	1.06
Post	2.53		2	1.41	3.25		3	1.66
Participate in class discussions
Pre	4.48	−1.69	5	0.83	4.18	−0.60	5	0.95
Post	2.80		3	1.49	3.58		4	1.92