Rescue of KNDy neurons in female global Kiss1 KO rats. (A) Kiss1 (green)- and Tac3 (magenta)-expressing cells in the mediobasal hypothalamus of three representative OVX global Kiss1 KO rats infected with AAV-Kiss1 targeted into the ARC (indicated by the dotted line). Note that a large number of Kiss1-expressing cells were found inside of the ARC of highly and moderately KNDy-rescued global Kiss1 KO rats, whereas Kiss1-expressing cells were mainly found outside of the ARC of few KNDy-rescued rats. (B) Distribution of ARC Tac3-expressing cells with (dashed lines) or without (solid lines) Kiss1 expression throughout the ARC of two representative few, moderately, and highly KNDy-rescued rats. R, the rostral part of ARC and C, the caudal part of ARC. (C) Higher magnification of the squared area in panel A showing Kiss1- and Tac3-coexpressing cells (arrowheads). Insets show a representative Kiss1- and Tac3-coexpressing cell. (D) The number of Tac3-expressing cells with or without Kiss1 expression in the ARC of few, moderately, and highly KNDy-rescued rats. Values expressed in the bar graph are mean ± SEM. Numbers in each column indicate the number of animals used. The values with different letters were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05) based on one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test. (Scale bars, 100 μm.)