Table 1. Baseline Characteristics by Trajectory of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status.
| Characteristic, No (%) | Trajectory of neighborhood SESa | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HHH | HLL | HHL | HLH | LLL | LHH | LLH | LHL | |
| Total | 50 076 (39.6) | 5696 (4.5) | 5817 (4.6) | 3442 (2.7) | 46 136 (36.6) | 5360 (4.3) | 5801 (4.6) | 3851 (3.1) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 61.9 (5.3) | 62.0 (5.2) | 61.9 (5.3) | 62.3 (5.3) | 62.2 (5.3) | 62.4 (5.2) | 62.6 (5.2) | 62.4 (5.3) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 26.6 (4.2) | 26.9 (4.4) | 27.0 (4.5) | 26.6 (4.4) | 27.4 (4.8) | 26.9 (4.3) | 26.8 (4.5) | 27.2 (4.7) |
| 15 to <25 | 19 228 (38.4) | 2076 (36.5) | 2072 (35.6) | 1328 (38.6) | 15 371 (33.3) | 1932 (36.0) | 2130 (36.7) | 1309 (34.0) |
| 25 to <30 | 21 886 (43.7) | 2406 (42.2) | 2505 (43.1) | 1476 (42.9) | 19 643 (42.6) | 2373 (44.3) | 2486 (42.9) | 1675 (43.5) |
| 30 to <35 | 6842 (13.7) | 925 (16.2) | 942 (16.2) | 470 (13.7) | 7864 (17.1) | 792 (14.8) | 887 (15.3) | 623 (16.2) |
| 35 to 50 | 2120 (4.2) | 289 (5.1) | 298 (5.1) | 168 (4.9) | 3258 (7.1) | 263 (4.9) | 298 (5.1) | 244 (6.3) |
| Women | 17 538 (35.0) | 2417 (42.4) | 2241 (38.5) | 1438 (41.8) | 20 552 (44.6) | 1954 (36.5) | 2330 (40.2) | 1484 (38.5) |
| White, non-Hispanicb | 47 642 (95.1) | 5273 (92.6) | 5546 (95.3) | 3207 (93.2) | 39 823 (86.3) | 5149 (96.1) | 5371 (92.6) | 3671 (95.3) |
| College and postcollegeb | 26 205 (52.3) | 2314 (40.6) | 2335 (40.1) | 1555 (45.2) | 14 253 (30.9) | 2077 (38.8) | 2196 (37.9) | 1261 (32.7) |
| Marriedb | 39 223 (78.3) | 3928 (69.0) | 4250 (73.1) | 2458 (71.4) | 30 755 (66.7) | 4090 (76.3) | 4228 (72.9) | 2810 (73.0) |
| Current smokerb | 3670 (7.3) | 577 (10.1) | 556 (9.6) | 319 (9.3) | 5182 (11.2) | 458 (8.5) | 519 (9.0) | 377 (9.8) |
| Vigorous physical activity ≥5 times/wkb | 10 441 (20.9) | 1115 (19.6) | 1161 (20.0) | 709 (20.6) | 9023 (19.6) | 1127 (21) | 1303 (22.5) | 800 (20.8) |
| Alcohol intake, mean (SD), g/d | 13.6 (33.1) | 12.0 (31.8) | 11.6 (31.2) | 13.5 (38.2) | 11.5 (36.1) | 13.5 (36.7) | 13.5 (36.5) | 13.0 (36.5) |
| Total energy, mean (SD), kcal/d | 1848 (810) | 1817 (842) | 1832 (797) | 1793 (826) | 1897 (1007) | 1865 (822) | 1861 (858) | 1906 (954) |
| HEI-2005 score, mean (SD) | 67.7 (10.9) | 67.5 (11.0) | 67.2 (11.0) | 68.2 (11.0) | 66.5 (11.5) | 67.0 (11.0) | 67.2 (11.1) | 66.4 (11.3) |
| Self-reported health, excellentb | 10 579 (21.1) | 998 (17.5) | 1081 (18.6) | 707 (20.5) | 6819 (14.8) | 948 (17.7) | 1042 (18.0) | 584 (15.2) |
| Chronic conditionsb | ||||||||
| Heart disease | 5773 (11.5) | 699 (12.3) | 738 (12.7) | 369 (10.7) | 5612 (12.2) | 659 (12.3) | 678 (11.7) | 495 (12.9) |
| Stroke | 621 (1.2) | 64 (1.1) | 74 (1.3) | 46 (1.3) | 800 (1.7) | 72 (1.3) | 78 (1.3) | 61 (1.6) |
| Diabetes | 2947 (5.9) | 438 (7.7) | 414 (7.1) | 209 (6.1) | 4005 (8.7) | 364 (6.8) | 406 (7.0) | 297 (7.7) |
| Cancer | 3844 (7.7) | 448 (7.9) | 422 (7.3) | 291 (8.5) | 3518 (7.6) | 437 (8.2) | 501 (8.6) | 297 (7.7) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); HHH, high in 1990 to high in 2000 to high in 2010, or stable high; HLL, high-low-low, or early decline; HHL, high-high-low, or late decline; HLH, high-low-high, or transient decline; HEI, healthy eating index; LLL, low-low-low, or stable low; LHH, low-high-high, or early improvement; LLH, low-low-high, or late improvement; LHL, low-high-low, or transient improvement; SES, socioeconomic status.
Trajectories of neighborhood SES were defined based on the median values of year-specific rankings, where high, or H, indicated rankings at or above the median and low, or L, indicated rankings below the median.
Percentages are within the neighborhood SES trajectory group.