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The human X chromosome and the escapee genes from XCI. The human X chromosome, 154 MB in size, codes for around 1100 genes, many of which are involved in immune responses (WAS, BTK, FOXP3, IL2RG). The TLR7 gene, located on the short arm of the X chromosome, is able to escape from XCI. The other genes whose escape has been clearly demonstrated, are annotated with an asterisk (*) and described in the Table 1. PAR1, pseudoautosamal region 1; PAR2, pseudoautosomal region 2.
