Table 2.

Showing comparison between the Eu³⁺ chelated biosensor detection range and other biosensor assays.

Biomarker	Eu3+-Chelated Biosensor	ELISA	SPR	Reference
Myoglobin	100 fM–100 nM	10 pM–100 µM	3.6 ± 0.02 nM	[57]
GFAP	100 fM–100 nM	1 pM–1nM	35.8 ± 0.01 nM	[57]
CRP	100 fM–100 nM	>µM	>10 pM	[21,58]
CEA	100 fM–100 nM	10 pM	34.4 ± 16 nM	[22]