Figure 1.

Histological examination of intestine (A) and mesenteries (B) of Indoxyl Sulfate (IS; 800 mg/kg; i.p.)-treated mice, after 3 h and 6 h from treatment (Hematoxylin and Eosin, 40× magnification, Scale Bar = 100 µm). (A) Mice treated with IS showed blunted and fused villi (asterisks) and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the lamina propria (arrow) both 3 and 6 h after treatment. (B) The mesenteries of mice treated with IS were infiltrated by inflammatory cells (arrow) both 3 and 6 h after treatment. Score of intestinal inflammation (C), blunted and fused villi (D), and peritonitis (E). ***, ** and * denote respectively p < 0.001, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 vs. SHAM; ° denotes p < 0.05 vs. IS 3 h.