| APC | antigen presenting cell |
| ATG | autophagy-related protein |
| BBB | blood-brain barrier |
| BIR | baculoviral inhibition of apoptosis protein repeat |
| BMDCs | bone-marrow derived DCs |
| BMDM | bone marrow-derived macrophage |
| CARD | caspase recruitment and activation domain |
| cART | combined antiretroviral therapy |
| cDC | conventional DC |
| CIITA | Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Transactivator |
| CLR | C-type lectin receptor |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| DAMP | damage-associated molecular pattern |
| DCs | dendritic cells |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| DRP1 | dynamin-related protein 1 |
| DSS | dextran sodium sulfate |
| EAE | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis |
| EMCV | Encephalomyocarditis virus |
| ERK | extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| ETC | electron transport chain |
| EYA | Eyes absent |
| FAF1 | FAS-associated factor-1 |
| FASTKD5 | Fas-activated serine-threonine kinase family protein-5 |
| GAS | Group A Streptococcus |
| GC | gastric cancer |
| G-CSF | granulocyte colony-stimulating factor |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPV16 | human papillomavirus 16 |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IFN | interferon |
| IRF | IFN regulatory factor |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| LAP | LC3-associated phagocytosis |
| LC3 | microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 |
| LDH | lactate dehydrogenase |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LIR | LC3-interacting region |
| LLO | listeriolysin O |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| LRR | leucine-rich repeat |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MAVS | mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein |
| MCP1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 |
| MDA5 | melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5, |
| MEF | mouse embryonic fibroblast |
| moDC | monocyte-derived DC |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| mtROS | mitochondrial reactive oxygen species |
| MTS | mitochondrial targeting sequence |
| NEMO | NF-kappa-B essential modulator |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor-kappa B |
| NK | natural killer |
| NLR | NOD-like receptors |
| NOD | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain |
| OXPHOS | oxidative phosphorylation |
| PAMP | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PB1-F2 | polymerase basic protein 1-frame 2 |
| PBMC | peripheral blood mononuclear cell |
| PCBP2 | poly(rC) binding protein 2 |
| pDC | plasmacytoid DCs |
| PKR | protein kinase R |
| poly (I:C) | polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid |
| PRR | pattern recognition receptor |
| PUA | punicic acid |
| PYD | pyrin domain |
| RIG-1 | retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 |
| RIP2 | receptor-interacting-serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 |
| RLR | RIG-I-like receptor |
| RRMS | relapsing-remitting MS |
| RV | rhinovirus |
| SARM1 | Sterile Alpha and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) Motif Containing 1 |
| SIRT1 | sirtuin 1 |
| SIV | simian immunodeficiency virus |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| STING | stimulator of interferon genes |
| SV5 | Simian virus 5 |
| TA | acidic transactivation domain |
| TBK1 | TANK-binding kinase 1 |
| Th | helper T cells |
| TIR | Toll/interleukin-1 receptor |
| TLR | Toll like receptor |
| TRAF | TNF receptor-associated factor |
| Treg | regulatory T cell |
| TUFM | Tu translation elongation factor |
| UC | ulcerative colitis |
| UVRAG | UV radiation resistance-associated gene |
| VSV | vesicular stomatitis virus |
| XIAP | X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis |