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. 2021 Jan 22;26(3):569. doi: 10.3390/molecules26030569

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of LMWC on the proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. (A) IL-1: interleukin-1. (B) IL-6: interleukin-6. (C) TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor-α. (D) IFN-γ: interferon-γ. Cells were pretreated with LMWC (400 μg/mL) for 2 h, followed by cotreatment with LPS (5 μg/mL) for another 6 h. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error (n = 4). * Means significant difference compared with the control group (p < 0.05). ^† Means significant difference compared with the LPS group (p < 0.05).